Cargando…

Diet quality among Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth in Canada in 2004 and 2015: a repeated cross-sectional design

OBJECTIVE: The objectives were to describe changes in diet quality between off-reserve Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth from 2004 to 2015 and examine the association between food security and diet quality. DESIGN: We utilised a repeated cross-sectional design using both the 2004 and...

Descripción completa

Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Riediger, Natalie D, LaPlante, Jeff, Mudryj, Adriana, Clair, Luc
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Cambridge University Press 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8825962/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34108071
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980021002561
_version_ 1784647335519715328
author Riediger, Natalie D
LaPlante, Jeff
Mudryj, Adriana
Clair, Luc
author_facet Riediger, Natalie D
LaPlante, Jeff
Mudryj, Adriana
Clair, Luc
author_sort Riediger, Natalie D
collection PubMed
description OBJECTIVE: The objectives were to describe changes in diet quality between off-reserve Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth from 2004 to 2015 and examine the association between food security and diet quality. DESIGN: We utilised a repeated cross-sectional design using both the 2004 and 2015 nutrition-focused Canadian Community Health Surveys, including 24-h dietary recall. Diet quality was estimated according to the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). SETTING: The surveys were conducted off-reserve in Canada’s ten provinces. PARTICIPANTS: Our analysis included children and youth 2–17 years old (n 18 189). Indigenous and non-Indigenous participants were matched, and using a general linear model, we tested time period and (non-)Indigenous identifiers, including their interaction effect, as predictors of HEI. RESULTS: Both Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth had significantly higher HEI scores in 2015 as compared to 2004. There was not a significant (non-)Indigenous and time period interaction effect, indicating the improvements in diet quality in 2015 were similar between both Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations. Improvements in diet quality are largely attributed to reductions in percentage energy from ‘other’ foods, though a disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth persisted in 2015. Overall, food security was lower among the Indigenous population and positively, and independently, associated with diet quality overall, though this relationship differed between boys and girls. CONCLUSIONS: School policies may have contributed to similar improvements in diet quality among Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations. However, an in-depth sex and gender-based analysis of the relationship between food security and diet quality is required.
format Online
Article
Text
id pubmed-8825962
institution National Center for Biotechnology Information
language English
publishDate 2022
publisher Cambridge University Press
record_format MEDLINE/PubMed
spelling pubmed-88259622022-02-23 Diet quality among Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth in Canada in 2004 and 2015: a repeated cross-sectional design Riediger, Natalie D LaPlante, Jeff Mudryj, Adriana Clair, Luc Public Health Nutr Research Paper OBJECTIVE: The objectives were to describe changes in diet quality between off-reserve Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth from 2004 to 2015 and examine the association between food security and diet quality. DESIGN: We utilised a repeated cross-sectional design using both the 2004 and 2015 nutrition-focused Canadian Community Health Surveys, including 24-h dietary recall. Diet quality was estimated according to the Healthy Eating Index (HEI). SETTING: The surveys were conducted off-reserve in Canada’s ten provinces. PARTICIPANTS: Our analysis included children and youth 2–17 years old (n 18 189). Indigenous and non-Indigenous participants were matched, and using a general linear model, we tested time period and (non-)Indigenous identifiers, including their interaction effect, as predictors of HEI. RESULTS: Both Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth had significantly higher HEI scores in 2015 as compared to 2004. There was not a significant (non-)Indigenous and time period interaction effect, indicating the improvements in diet quality in 2015 were similar between both Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations. Improvements in diet quality are largely attributed to reductions in percentage energy from ‘other’ foods, though a disparity between Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth persisted in 2015. Overall, food security was lower among the Indigenous population and positively, and independently, associated with diet quality overall, though this relationship differed between boys and girls. CONCLUSIONS: School policies may have contributed to similar improvements in diet quality among Indigenous and non-Indigenous populations. However, an in-depth sex and gender-based analysis of the relationship between food security and diet quality is required. Cambridge University Press 2022-01 2021-06-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8825962/ /pubmed/34108071 http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980021002561 Text en © The Authors 2021 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Research Paper
Riediger, Natalie D
LaPlante, Jeff
Mudryj, Adriana
Clair, Luc
Diet quality among Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth in Canada in 2004 and 2015: a repeated cross-sectional design
title Diet quality among Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth in Canada in 2004 and 2015: a repeated cross-sectional design
title_full Diet quality among Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth in Canada in 2004 and 2015: a repeated cross-sectional design
title_fullStr Diet quality among Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth in Canada in 2004 and 2015: a repeated cross-sectional design
title_full_unstemmed Diet quality among Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth in Canada in 2004 and 2015: a repeated cross-sectional design
title_short Diet quality among Indigenous and non-Indigenous children and youth in Canada in 2004 and 2015: a repeated cross-sectional design
title_sort diet quality among indigenous and non-indigenous children and youth in canada in 2004 and 2015: a repeated cross-sectional design
topic Research Paper
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8825962/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34108071
http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/S1368980021002561
work_keys_str_mv AT riedigernatalied dietqualityamongindigenousandnonindigenouschildrenandyouthincanadain2004and2015arepeatedcrosssectionaldesign
AT laplantejeff dietqualityamongindigenousandnonindigenouschildrenandyouthincanadain2004and2015arepeatedcrosssectionaldesign
AT mudryjadriana dietqualityamongindigenousandnonindigenouschildrenandyouthincanadain2004and2015arepeatedcrosssectionaldesign
AT clairluc dietqualityamongindigenousandnonindigenouschildrenandyouthincanadain2004and2015arepeatedcrosssectionaldesign