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gyrA ser83 mutation among fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars from enteric fever patients in tertiary care hospital, Kathmandu

BACKGROUND: The management of enteric fever through antibiotics is difficult these days due to the emerging resistance of Salmonella to various antimicrobial agents. The development of antimicrobial resistance is associated with multiple factors including mutations in the specific genes. To know the...

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Autores principales: Adhikari, Prashanna, Maharjan, Roshani, Paudel, Subash, Malla, Bikram, Shah, Pradeep Kumar, Bastola, Anup, Shrestha, Upendra Thapa
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8830085/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35144539
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-022-02456-7
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author Adhikari, Prashanna
Maharjan, Roshani
Paudel, Subash
Malla, Bikram
Shah, Pradeep Kumar
Bastola, Anup
Shrestha, Upendra Thapa
author_facet Adhikari, Prashanna
Maharjan, Roshani
Paudel, Subash
Malla, Bikram
Shah, Pradeep Kumar
Bastola, Anup
Shrestha, Upendra Thapa
author_sort Adhikari, Prashanna
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The management of enteric fever through antibiotics is difficult these days due to the emerging resistance of Salmonella to various antimicrobial agents. The development of antimicrobial resistance is associated with multiple factors including mutations in the specific genes. To know the current status of mutation-mediated fluoroquinolone-resistance among Salmonella enterica serovars; Typhi, Paratyphi A, B and C, this study was focused on detecting gyrA ser83 mutation by restriction digestion analysis of gyrA gene using HinfI endonuclease. RESULTS: A total of 948 blood samples were processed for isolation of Salmonella spp. and 3.4% of them were found to be positive for Salmonella growth. Out of the 32 Salmonella isolates, 2.2% were S. Typhi and 1.2% were S. Paratyphi A. More interestingly, we observed less than 5% of isolates were resistant to first-line drugs including chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and ampicillin. More than 80% of isolates were resistant to fluoroquinolones accounting for 84.4% to levofloxacin followed by 87.5% to ofloxacin and 100% to ciprofloxacin by disc diffusion methods. However, the minimum inhibitory concentration method using agar dilution showed only 50% of isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. A total of 3.1% of isolates were multidrug-resistant. Similarly, 90.6% of the Salmonella isolates showed gyrA ser83 mutation with resistance to nalidixic acid. CONCLUSIONS: The increased resistance to fluoroquinolones and nalidixic acid in Salmonella isolates in our study suggests the use of alternative drugs as empirical treatment. Rather, the treatment should focus on prescribing first-line antibiotics since we observed less than 5% of Salmonella isolates were resistant to these drugs.
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spelling pubmed-88300852022-02-11 gyrA ser83 mutation among fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars from enteric fever patients in tertiary care hospital, Kathmandu Adhikari, Prashanna Maharjan, Roshani Paudel, Subash Malla, Bikram Shah, Pradeep Kumar Bastola, Anup Shrestha, Upendra Thapa BMC Microbiol Research BACKGROUND: The management of enteric fever through antibiotics is difficult these days due to the emerging resistance of Salmonella to various antimicrobial agents. The development of antimicrobial resistance is associated with multiple factors including mutations in the specific genes. To know the current status of mutation-mediated fluoroquinolone-resistance among Salmonella enterica serovars; Typhi, Paratyphi A, B and C, this study was focused on detecting gyrA ser83 mutation by restriction digestion analysis of gyrA gene using HinfI endonuclease. RESULTS: A total of 948 blood samples were processed for isolation of Salmonella spp. and 3.4% of them were found to be positive for Salmonella growth. Out of the 32 Salmonella isolates, 2.2% were S. Typhi and 1.2% were S. Paratyphi A. More interestingly, we observed less than 5% of isolates were resistant to first-line drugs including chloramphenicol, cotrimoxazole and ampicillin. More than 80% of isolates were resistant to fluoroquinolones accounting for 84.4% to levofloxacin followed by 87.5% to ofloxacin and 100% to ciprofloxacin by disc diffusion methods. However, the minimum inhibitory concentration method using agar dilution showed only 50% of isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin. A total of 3.1% of isolates were multidrug-resistant. Similarly, 90.6% of the Salmonella isolates showed gyrA ser83 mutation with resistance to nalidixic acid. CONCLUSIONS: The increased resistance to fluoroquinolones and nalidixic acid in Salmonella isolates in our study suggests the use of alternative drugs as empirical treatment. Rather, the treatment should focus on prescribing first-line antibiotics since we observed less than 5% of Salmonella isolates were resistant to these drugs. BioMed Central 2022-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8830085/ /pubmed/35144539 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-022-02456-7 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Adhikari, Prashanna
Maharjan, Roshani
Paudel, Subash
Malla, Bikram
Shah, Pradeep Kumar
Bastola, Anup
Shrestha, Upendra Thapa
gyrA ser83 mutation among fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars from enteric fever patients in tertiary care hospital, Kathmandu
title gyrA ser83 mutation among fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars from enteric fever patients in tertiary care hospital, Kathmandu
title_full gyrA ser83 mutation among fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars from enteric fever patients in tertiary care hospital, Kathmandu
title_fullStr gyrA ser83 mutation among fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars from enteric fever patients in tertiary care hospital, Kathmandu
title_full_unstemmed gyrA ser83 mutation among fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars from enteric fever patients in tertiary care hospital, Kathmandu
title_short gyrA ser83 mutation among fluoroquinolone-resistant Salmonella enterica serovars from enteric fever patients in tertiary care hospital, Kathmandu
title_sort gyra ser83 mutation among fluoroquinolone-resistant salmonella enterica serovars from enteric fever patients in tertiary care hospital, kathmandu
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8830085/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35144539
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12866-022-02456-7
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