Acute myeloid leukemia due to germline CEBPA mutation in a Syrian family

BACKGROUND: Familial cases of adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) with germline‐mutated CCAAT/enhancer‐binding protein‐α (CEBPA) gene are a rare entity classified in World Health Organization (WHO) classification 2016. Most families reported in the literature show an autosomal dominant inheritance pattern consistent with a single‐gene mutation. METHODS: Here we studied a Syrian family with four individuals suffering from AML for CEBPA gene mutations by Sanger sequencing. RESULTS: The father, his three affected, and one yet unaffected child had the same mutation in the N‐terminal region of CEBPA (c.198dupC), resulting in termination at Tyr67Leufs*41. All affected family members had a good primary response to chemotherapy and achieved complete remission. CONCLUSION: Overall, another AML family with CEBPA gene mutation is added to the literature, presenting with yet unreported FAB subtype M5 and absence of CD7 expression in some family members.