Subsequent pregnancy and long-term safety after breast cancer: a retrospective analysis of Korean health insurance data

PURPOSE: Long-term safety of pregnancy after breast cancer (BC) remains controversial, especially with respect to BC biological subtypes. METHODS: We analyzed a population-based retrospective cohort with BC from 2002 to 2017. Patient-level 1:1 matching was performed between pregnant and nonpregnant women. The study population was categorized into 6 biological subtypes based on the combination of prescribed therapies. Subanalyses were performed considering the time to pregnancy after BC diagnosis, systemic therapy, and pregnancy outcomes. RESULTS: We identified 544 matched women with BC, who were assigned to the pregnant (cases, n = 272) or nonpregnant group (controls, n = 272) of similar characteristics, adjusted for guaranteed bias. These patients were followed up for 10 years, or disease and mortality occurrence after the diagnosis of BC. Survival estimates were calculated. The actuarial 10-year overall survival (OS) rates were 97.4% and 91.9% for pregnant and nonpregnant patients, respectively. The pregnant group showed significantly better OS (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.29; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.12–0.68; P = 0.005) and did not have a significantly inferior disease-free survival (aHR, 1.10; 95% CI, 0.61–1.99; P = 0.760). CONCLUSION: Consistent outcomes were observed in every subgroup analysis. Our observational data provides reassuring evidence on the long-term safety of pregnancy in young patients with BC regardless of the BC biological subtype.