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Hygiene Hypothesis Indicators and Prevalence of Antinuclear Antibodies in US Adolescents

Autoimmunity prevalence, as measured by antinuclear antibodies (ANA), is increasing in U.S. adolescents. Improved hygiene and cleaner environments in childhood may reduce exposure to infections and other immune challenges, resulting in improper immune responses to later-life exposures. We examined a...

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Autores principales: Meier, Helen C. S., Sandler, Dale P., Wilkerson, Jesse, Miller, Frederick W., Dinse, Gregg E., Parks, Christine G.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8832391/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35154106
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.789379
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author Meier, Helen C. S.
Sandler, Dale P.
Wilkerson, Jesse
Miller, Frederick W.
Dinse, Gregg E.
Parks, Christine G.
author_facet Meier, Helen C. S.
Sandler, Dale P.
Wilkerson, Jesse
Miller, Frederick W.
Dinse, Gregg E.
Parks, Christine G.
author_sort Meier, Helen C. S.
collection PubMed
description Autoimmunity prevalence, as measured by antinuclear antibodies (ANA), is increasing in U.S. adolescents. Improved hygiene and cleaner environments in childhood may reduce exposure to infections and other immune challenges, resulting in improper immune responses to later-life exposures. We examined associations of hygiene hypothesis indicators, including asthma, allergies, and antibodies to infectious agents, with ANA prevalence, measured by HEp-2 immunofluorescence, in adolescents (aged 12-19 years) over a 25-year time span in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (N=2,709), adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, education and survey cycle, overall and within individual time periods, using logistic regression. Prevalence of ANA in adolescents increased from 5.0% in 1988-1991 to 12.8% in 2011-2012. ANA were positively associated with diagnosis of asthma in early childhood (OR: 2.07, CI: 1.09–3.99) and the effect estimate for current hay fever was elevated but not statistically significant (OR: 1.55, CI: 0.85–2.84). Fewer than 2% of those with ANA in 1988-1991 had been diagnosed with asthma, compared with 18% in 1999-2000, and 27% in 2003-2004 and 2011-2012. ANA trended negatively with Helicobacter pylori antibodies (OR: 0.49, CI: 0.24–0.99). ANA may be useful as an additional indicator of inadequate immune education in adolescence, a critical period of growth and development.
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spelling pubmed-88323912022-02-12 Hygiene Hypothesis Indicators and Prevalence of Antinuclear Antibodies in US Adolescents Meier, Helen C. S. Sandler, Dale P. Wilkerson, Jesse Miller, Frederick W. Dinse, Gregg E. Parks, Christine G. Front Immunol Immunology Autoimmunity prevalence, as measured by antinuclear antibodies (ANA), is increasing in U.S. adolescents. Improved hygiene and cleaner environments in childhood may reduce exposure to infections and other immune challenges, resulting in improper immune responses to later-life exposures. We examined associations of hygiene hypothesis indicators, including asthma, allergies, and antibodies to infectious agents, with ANA prevalence, measured by HEp-2 immunofluorescence, in adolescents (aged 12-19 years) over a 25-year time span in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) (N=2,709), adjusting for age, sex, race/ethnicity, body mass index, education and survey cycle, overall and within individual time periods, using logistic regression. Prevalence of ANA in adolescents increased from 5.0% in 1988-1991 to 12.8% in 2011-2012. ANA were positively associated with diagnosis of asthma in early childhood (OR: 2.07, CI: 1.09–3.99) and the effect estimate for current hay fever was elevated but not statistically significant (OR: 1.55, CI: 0.85–2.84). Fewer than 2% of those with ANA in 1988-1991 had been diagnosed with asthma, compared with 18% in 1999-2000, and 27% in 2003-2004 and 2011-2012. ANA trended negatively with Helicobacter pylori antibodies (OR: 0.49, CI: 0.24–0.99). ANA may be useful as an additional indicator of inadequate immune education in adolescence, a critical period of growth and development. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8832391/ /pubmed/35154106 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.789379 Text en Copyright © 2022 Meier, Sandler, Wilkerson, Miller, Dinse and Parks https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Immunology
Meier, Helen C. S.
Sandler, Dale P.
Wilkerson, Jesse
Miller, Frederick W.
Dinse, Gregg E.
Parks, Christine G.
Hygiene Hypothesis Indicators and Prevalence of Antinuclear Antibodies in US Adolescents
title Hygiene Hypothesis Indicators and Prevalence of Antinuclear Antibodies in US Adolescents
title_full Hygiene Hypothesis Indicators and Prevalence of Antinuclear Antibodies in US Adolescents
title_fullStr Hygiene Hypothesis Indicators and Prevalence of Antinuclear Antibodies in US Adolescents
title_full_unstemmed Hygiene Hypothesis Indicators and Prevalence of Antinuclear Antibodies in US Adolescents
title_short Hygiene Hypothesis Indicators and Prevalence of Antinuclear Antibodies in US Adolescents
title_sort hygiene hypothesis indicators and prevalence of antinuclear antibodies in us adolescents
topic Immunology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8832391/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35154106
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.789379
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