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Impact of Pre-Analytical and Analytical Variables Associated with Sample Preparation on Flow Cytometric Stainings Obtained with EuroFlow Panels
SIMPLE SUMMARY: Objective interpretation of flow cytometry may be hampered by a lack of standardized sample preparation procedures. The EuroFlow consortium conducted a series of experiments to determine the potential impact of different pre-analytical and analytical factors on the variability of res...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8833630/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35158741 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14030473 |
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author | Sędek, Łukasz Flores-Montero, Juan van der Sluijs, Alita Kulis, Jan te Marvelde, Jeroen Philippé, Jan Böttcher, Sebastian Bitter, Marieke Caetano, Joana van der Velden, Vincent H. J. Sonneveld, Edwin Buracchi, Chiara Santos, Ana Helena Lima, Margarida Szczepański, Tomasz van Dongen, Jacques J. M. Orfao, Alberto |
author_facet | Sędek, Łukasz Flores-Montero, Juan van der Sluijs, Alita Kulis, Jan te Marvelde, Jeroen Philippé, Jan Böttcher, Sebastian Bitter, Marieke Caetano, Joana van der Velden, Vincent H. J. Sonneveld, Edwin Buracchi, Chiara Santos, Ana Helena Lima, Margarida Szczepański, Tomasz van Dongen, Jacques J. M. Orfao, Alberto |
author_sort | Sędek, Łukasz |
collection | PubMed |
description | SIMPLE SUMMARY: Objective interpretation of flow cytometry may be hampered by a lack of standardized sample preparation procedures. The EuroFlow consortium conducted a series of experiments to determine the potential impact of different pre-analytical and analytical factors on the variability of results in terms of relative cell populations distribution and marker expression levels. The experiments were performed on healthy donors and patients with different hematological malignancies (e.g., acute leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and myelodysplastic syndrome) to mimic real-world clinical settings. Overall, the results showed that sample storage conditions, anticoagulant use, and sample processing protocol might need to be tailored for sample and cell type(s), as well as to the specific markers evaluated. However, defining of well-balanced boundaries for storage time to 24 h, staining-acquisition delay to 3 h, and choosing a washing buffer of pH within the range of 7.2 to 7.8 would be a valid recommendation for most applications and circumstances described herein. ABSTRACT: Objective interpretation of FC results may still be hampered by limited technical standardization. The EuroFlow consortium conducted a series of experiments to determine the impact of different variables on the relative distribution and the median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of markers stained on different cell populations, from both healthy donors and patients’ samples with distinct hematological malignancies. The use of different anticoagulants; the time interval between sample collection, preparation, and acquisition; pH of washing buffers; and the use of cell surface membrane-only (SM) vs. cell surface plus intracytoplasmic (SM+CY) staining protocols, were evaluated. Our results showed that only monocytes were represented at higher percentages in EDTA- vs. heparin-anticoagulated samples. Application of SM or SM+CY protocols resulted in slight differences in the percentage of neutrophils and debris determined only with particular antibody combinations. In turn, storage of samples for 24 h at RT was associated with greater percentage of debris and cell doublets when the plasma cell disorder panel was used. Furthermore, 24 h storage of stained cells at RT was selectively detrimental for MFI levels of CD19 and CD45 on mature B- and T-cells (but not on leukemic blasts, clonal B- and plasma cells, neutrophils, and NK cells). The obtained results showed that the variables evaluated might need to be tailored for sample and cell type(s) as well as to the specific markers compared; however, defining of well-balanced boundaries for storage time, staining-to-acquisition delay, and pH of washing buffer would be a valid recommendation for most applications and circumstances described herein. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8833630 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88336302022-02-12 Impact of Pre-Analytical and Analytical Variables Associated with Sample Preparation on Flow Cytometric Stainings Obtained with EuroFlow Panels Sędek, Łukasz Flores-Montero, Juan van der Sluijs, Alita Kulis, Jan te Marvelde, Jeroen Philippé, Jan Böttcher, Sebastian Bitter, Marieke Caetano, Joana van der Velden, Vincent H. J. Sonneveld, Edwin Buracchi, Chiara Santos, Ana Helena Lima, Margarida Szczepański, Tomasz van Dongen, Jacques J. M. Orfao, Alberto Cancers (Basel) Article SIMPLE SUMMARY: Objective interpretation of flow cytometry may be hampered by a lack of standardized sample preparation procedures. The EuroFlow consortium conducted a series of experiments to determine the potential impact of different pre-analytical and analytical factors on the variability of results in terms of relative cell populations distribution and marker expression levels. The experiments were performed on healthy donors and patients with different hematological malignancies (e.g., acute leukemia, lymphoma, multiple myeloma, and myelodysplastic syndrome) to mimic real-world clinical settings. Overall, the results showed that sample storage conditions, anticoagulant use, and sample processing protocol might need to be tailored for sample and cell type(s), as well as to the specific markers evaluated. However, defining of well-balanced boundaries for storage time to 24 h, staining-acquisition delay to 3 h, and choosing a washing buffer of pH within the range of 7.2 to 7.8 would be a valid recommendation for most applications and circumstances described herein. ABSTRACT: Objective interpretation of FC results may still be hampered by limited technical standardization. The EuroFlow consortium conducted a series of experiments to determine the impact of different variables on the relative distribution and the median fluorescence intensity (MFI) of markers stained on different cell populations, from both healthy donors and patients’ samples with distinct hematological malignancies. The use of different anticoagulants; the time interval between sample collection, preparation, and acquisition; pH of washing buffers; and the use of cell surface membrane-only (SM) vs. cell surface plus intracytoplasmic (SM+CY) staining protocols, were evaluated. Our results showed that only monocytes were represented at higher percentages in EDTA- vs. heparin-anticoagulated samples. Application of SM or SM+CY protocols resulted in slight differences in the percentage of neutrophils and debris determined only with particular antibody combinations. In turn, storage of samples for 24 h at RT was associated with greater percentage of debris and cell doublets when the plasma cell disorder panel was used. Furthermore, 24 h storage of stained cells at RT was selectively detrimental for MFI levels of CD19 and CD45 on mature B- and T-cells (but not on leukemic blasts, clonal B- and plasma cells, neutrophils, and NK cells). The obtained results showed that the variables evaluated might need to be tailored for sample and cell type(s) as well as to the specific markers compared; however, defining of well-balanced boundaries for storage time, staining-to-acquisition delay, and pH of washing buffer would be a valid recommendation for most applications and circumstances described herein. MDPI 2022-01-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8833630/ /pubmed/35158741 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14030473 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Sędek, Łukasz Flores-Montero, Juan van der Sluijs, Alita Kulis, Jan te Marvelde, Jeroen Philippé, Jan Böttcher, Sebastian Bitter, Marieke Caetano, Joana van der Velden, Vincent H. J. Sonneveld, Edwin Buracchi, Chiara Santos, Ana Helena Lima, Margarida Szczepański, Tomasz van Dongen, Jacques J. M. Orfao, Alberto Impact of Pre-Analytical and Analytical Variables Associated with Sample Preparation on Flow Cytometric Stainings Obtained with EuroFlow Panels |
title | Impact of Pre-Analytical and Analytical Variables Associated with Sample Preparation on Flow Cytometric Stainings Obtained with EuroFlow Panels |
title_full | Impact of Pre-Analytical and Analytical Variables Associated with Sample Preparation on Flow Cytometric Stainings Obtained with EuroFlow Panels |
title_fullStr | Impact of Pre-Analytical and Analytical Variables Associated with Sample Preparation on Flow Cytometric Stainings Obtained with EuroFlow Panels |
title_full_unstemmed | Impact of Pre-Analytical and Analytical Variables Associated with Sample Preparation on Flow Cytometric Stainings Obtained with EuroFlow Panels |
title_short | Impact of Pre-Analytical and Analytical Variables Associated with Sample Preparation on Flow Cytometric Stainings Obtained with EuroFlow Panels |
title_sort | impact of pre-analytical and analytical variables associated with sample preparation on flow cytometric stainings obtained with euroflow panels |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8833630/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35158741 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cancers14030473 |
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