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Therapeutic Targeting of Intestinal Fibrosis in Crohn’s Disease

Intestinal fibrosis is one of the most threatening complications of Crohn’s disease. It occurs in more than a third of patients with this condition, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and surgery often represents the only available therapeutic option. The mechanisms underlying int...

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Autores principales: Santacroce, Giovanni, Lenti, Marco Vincenzo, Di Sabatino, Antonio
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8834168/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35159238
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11030429
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author Santacroce, Giovanni
Lenti, Marco Vincenzo
Di Sabatino, Antonio
author_facet Santacroce, Giovanni
Lenti, Marco Vincenzo
Di Sabatino, Antonio
author_sort Santacroce, Giovanni
collection PubMed
description Intestinal fibrosis is one of the most threatening complications of Crohn’s disease. It occurs in more than a third of patients with this condition, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and surgery often represents the only available therapeutic option. The mechanisms underlying intestinal fibrosis are partly known. Studies conducted so far have shown a relevant pathogenetic role played by mesenchymal cells (especially myofibroblasts), cytokines (e.g., transforming growth factor-β), growth factors, microRNAs, intestinal microbiome, matrix stiffness, and mesenteric adipocytes. Further studies are still necessary to elucidate all the mechanisms involved in intestinal fibrosis, so that targeted therapies can be developed. Although several pre-clinical studies have been conducted so far, no anti-fibrotic therapy is yet available to prevent or reverse intestinal fibrosis. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the main therapeutic targets currently identified and the most promising anti-fibrotic therapies, which may be available in the near future.
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spelling pubmed-88341682022-02-12 Therapeutic Targeting of Intestinal Fibrosis in Crohn’s Disease Santacroce, Giovanni Lenti, Marco Vincenzo Di Sabatino, Antonio Cells Review Intestinal fibrosis is one of the most threatening complications of Crohn’s disease. It occurs in more than a third of patients with this condition, is associated with increased morbidity and mortality, and surgery often represents the only available therapeutic option. The mechanisms underlying intestinal fibrosis are partly known. Studies conducted so far have shown a relevant pathogenetic role played by mesenchymal cells (especially myofibroblasts), cytokines (e.g., transforming growth factor-β), growth factors, microRNAs, intestinal microbiome, matrix stiffness, and mesenteric adipocytes. Further studies are still necessary to elucidate all the mechanisms involved in intestinal fibrosis, so that targeted therapies can be developed. Although several pre-clinical studies have been conducted so far, no anti-fibrotic therapy is yet available to prevent or reverse intestinal fibrosis. The aim of this review is to provide an overview of the main therapeutic targets currently identified and the most promising anti-fibrotic therapies, which may be available in the near future. MDPI 2022-01-26 /pmc/articles/PMC8834168/ /pubmed/35159238 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11030429 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Santacroce, Giovanni
Lenti, Marco Vincenzo
Di Sabatino, Antonio
Therapeutic Targeting of Intestinal Fibrosis in Crohn’s Disease
title Therapeutic Targeting of Intestinal Fibrosis in Crohn’s Disease
title_full Therapeutic Targeting of Intestinal Fibrosis in Crohn’s Disease
title_fullStr Therapeutic Targeting of Intestinal Fibrosis in Crohn’s Disease
title_full_unstemmed Therapeutic Targeting of Intestinal Fibrosis in Crohn’s Disease
title_short Therapeutic Targeting of Intestinal Fibrosis in Crohn’s Disease
title_sort therapeutic targeting of intestinal fibrosis in crohn’s disease
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8834168/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35159238
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11030429
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