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Everyone Can Implement Eduball in Physical Education to Develop Cognitive and Motor Skills in Primary School Students
Studies suggest that incorporating core academic subjects into physical education (PE) stimulates the development of both motor and cognitive skills in primary school students. For example, several experiments show that children’s participation in Eduball, i.e., a method that uses educational balls...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8835283/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35162296 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031275 |
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author | Wawrzyniak, Sara Korbecki, Marcin Cichy, Ireneusz Kruszwicka, Agnieszka Przybyla, Tomasz Klichowski, Michal Rokita, Andrzej |
author_facet | Wawrzyniak, Sara Korbecki, Marcin Cichy, Ireneusz Kruszwicka, Agnieszka Przybyla, Tomasz Klichowski, Michal Rokita, Andrzej |
author_sort | Wawrzyniak, Sara |
collection | PubMed |
description | Studies suggest that incorporating core academic subjects into physical education (PE) stimulates the development of both motor and cognitive skills in primary school students. For example, several experiments show that children’s participation in Eduball, i.e., a method that uses educational balls with printed letters, numbers, and other signs, improves their physical fitness while simultaneously developing their mathematical and language skills. However, the question of who should conduct such classes to make them most effective (regular classroom teachers, physical education teachers, or maybe both in cooperation?) remains unanswered. Here, we replicated a previous Eduball experiment, but now, instead of one experimental group, there were three. In the first, Eduball-classes were conducted by the classroom teacher, in the second, by the physical education teacher, and in the third, collaboratively. After one year intervention, all experimental groups significantly improved both their cognitive (mathematical, reading, and writing) and gross motor (locomotor and object control) skills, and these effects were larger than in the control group participating in traditional PE. Importantly, there were no differences in progression between the Eduball-groups. Thus, our study demonstrates that methods linking PE with cognitive tasks can be effectively used by both PE specialists and general classroom teachers. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8835283 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88352832022-02-12 Everyone Can Implement Eduball in Physical Education to Develop Cognitive and Motor Skills in Primary School Students Wawrzyniak, Sara Korbecki, Marcin Cichy, Ireneusz Kruszwicka, Agnieszka Przybyla, Tomasz Klichowski, Michal Rokita, Andrzej Int J Environ Res Public Health Article Studies suggest that incorporating core academic subjects into physical education (PE) stimulates the development of both motor and cognitive skills in primary school students. For example, several experiments show that children’s participation in Eduball, i.e., a method that uses educational balls with printed letters, numbers, and other signs, improves their physical fitness while simultaneously developing their mathematical and language skills. However, the question of who should conduct such classes to make them most effective (regular classroom teachers, physical education teachers, or maybe both in cooperation?) remains unanswered. Here, we replicated a previous Eduball experiment, but now, instead of one experimental group, there were three. In the first, Eduball-classes were conducted by the classroom teacher, in the second, by the physical education teacher, and in the third, collaboratively. After one year intervention, all experimental groups significantly improved both their cognitive (mathematical, reading, and writing) and gross motor (locomotor and object control) skills, and these effects were larger than in the control group participating in traditional PE. Importantly, there were no differences in progression between the Eduball-groups. Thus, our study demonstrates that methods linking PE with cognitive tasks can be effectively used by both PE specialists and general classroom teachers. MDPI 2022-01-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8835283/ /pubmed/35162296 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031275 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Wawrzyniak, Sara Korbecki, Marcin Cichy, Ireneusz Kruszwicka, Agnieszka Przybyla, Tomasz Klichowski, Michal Rokita, Andrzej Everyone Can Implement Eduball in Physical Education to Develop Cognitive and Motor Skills in Primary School Students |
title | Everyone Can Implement Eduball in Physical Education to Develop Cognitive and Motor Skills in Primary School Students |
title_full | Everyone Can Implement Eduball in Physical Education to Develop Cognitive and Motor Skills in Primary School Students |
title_fullStr | Everyone Can Implement Eduball in Physical Education to Develop Cognitive and Motor Skills in Primary School Students |
title_full_unstemmed | Everyone Can Implement Eduball in Physical Education to Develop Cognitive and Motor Skills in Primary School Students |
title_short | Everyone Can Implement Eduball in Physical Education to Develop Cognitive and Motor Skills in Primary School Students |
title_sort | everyone can implement eduball in physical education to develop cognitive and motor skills in primary school students |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8835283/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35162296 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19031275 |
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