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Multiple Myeloma: Challenges Encountered and Future Options for Better Treatment

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant hematological disease. The disease is characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. MM accounts for 1.3% of all malignancies and has been increasing in incidence all over the world. Various genetic abnormalities, mutation...

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Autores principales: Das, Srijit, Juliana, Norsham, Yazit, Noor Anisah Abu, Azmani, Sahar, Abu, Izuddin Fahmy
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8836148/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35163567
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031649
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author Das, Srijit
Juliana, Norsham
Yazit, Noor Anisah Abu
Azmani, Sahar
Abu, Izuddin Fahmy
author_facet Das, Srijit
Juliana, Norsham
Yazit, Noor Anisah Abu
Azmani, Sahar
Abu, Izuddin Fahmy
author_sort Das, Srijit
collection PubMed
description Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant hematological disease. The disease is characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. MM accounts for 1.3% of all malignancies and has been increasing in incidence all over the world. Various genetic abnormalities, mutations, and translocation, including epigenetic modifications, are known to contribute to the disease’s pathophysiology. The prognosis is good if detected early, or else the outcome is very bad if distant metastasis has already occurred. Conventional treatment with drugs poses a challenge when there is drug resistance. In the present review, we discuss multiple myeloma and its treatment, drug resistance, the molecular basis of epigenetic regulation, the role of natural products in epigenetic regulators, diet, physical activity, addiction, and environmental pollutants, which may be beneficial for clinicians and researchers.
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spelling pubmed-88361482022-02-12 Multiple Myeloma: Challenges Encountered and Future Options for Better Treatment Das, Srijit Juliana, Norsham Yazit, Noor Anisah Abu Azmani, Sahar Abu, Izuddin Fahmy Int J Mol Sci Review Multiple myeloma (MM) is a malignant hematological disease. The disease is characterized by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells in the bone marrow. MM accounts for 1.3% of all malignancies and has been increasing in incidence all over the world. Various genetic abnormalities, mutations, and translocation, including epigenetic modifications, are known to contribute to the disease’s pathophysiology. The prognosis is good if detected early, or else the outcome is very bad if distant metastasis has already occurred. Conventional treatment with drugs poses a challenge when there is drug resistance. In the present review, we discuss multiple myeloma and its treatment, drug resistance, the molecular basis of epigenetic regulation, the role of natural products in epigenetic regulators, diet, physical activity, addiction, and environmental pollutants, which may be beneficial for clinicians and researchers. MDPI 2022-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8836148/ /pubmed/35163567 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031649 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Das, Srijit
Juliana, Norsham
Yazit, Noor Anisah Abu
Azmani, Sahar
Abu, Izuddin Fahmy
Multiple Myeloma: Challenges Encountered and Future Options for Better Treatment
title Multiple Myeloma: Challenges Encountered and Future Options for Better Treatment
title_full Multiple Myeloma: Challenges Encountered and Future Options for Better Treatment
title_fullStr Multiple Myeloma: Challenges Encountered and Future Options for Better Treatment
title_full_unstemmed Multiple Myeloma: Challenges Encountered and Future Options for Better Treatment
title_short Multiple Myeloma: Challenges Encountered and Future Options for Better Treatment
title_sort multiple myeloma: challenges encountered and future options for better treatment
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8836148/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35163567
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms23031649
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