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Reaction Kinetics and Process Model of the Polyacrylonitrile Fibers Stabilization Process Based on Dielectric Measurements
Microwave-based dielectric heating is a suitable method for energy- and time-efficient processes. Considering the energy required in the production of carbon fibers, it is evident that microwave-based dielectric heating during the different phases of the production needs to be considered too. Nevert...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8838202/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35161167 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15031222 |
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author | Hofele, Julia Link, Guido Jelonnek, John |
author_facet | Hofele, Julia Link, Guido Jelonnek, John |
author_sort | Hofele, Julia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Microwave-based dielectric heating is a suitable method for energy- and time-efficient processes. Considering the energy required in the production of carbon fibers, it is evident that microwave-based dielectric heating during the different phases of the production needs to be considered too. Nevertheless, the dielectric properties of the processed material needs to be known for the design of an appropriate microwave applicator. When looking at the first stage in the production, the stabilization stage of the PAN fiber, the important data about the dielectric properties is very limited in literature. For this reason, first in-situ temperature-dependent measurements of the dielectric properties during the stabilization stage are presented. The impact of raising temperatures and chemical reactions on the dielectric properties of the heated PAN fiber is discussed. Secondly, the steps taken to set up the reaction kinetics from the dielectric loss point of view are given. This enables determination of the reaction degree as a function of the measured dielectric loss for the first time. The established correlation opens the potential for the application to processes such as an in-situ quality determination. The strong temperature impact on the process is shown, and reaction kinetics are analyzed accordingly. In a final third step, a heat transfer model is presented. It utilizes the evaluated reaction kinetics data and microwave heating, creating a first modelling approach for monitoring and controlling the desired fiber temperature, leading towards an online process. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8838202 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88382022022-02-13 Reaction Kinetics and Process Model of the Polyacrylonitrile Fibers Stabilization Process Based on Dielectric Measurements Hofele, Julia Link, Guido Jelonnek, John Materials (Basel) Article Microwave-based dielectric heating is a suitable method for energy- and time-efficient processes. Considering the energy required in the production of carbon fibers, it is evident that microwave-based dielectric heating during the different phases of the production needs to be considered too. Nevertheless, the dielectric properties of the processed material needs to be known for the design of an appropriate microwave applicator. When looking at the first stage in the production, the stabilization stage of the PAN fiber, the important data about the dielectric properties is very limited in literature. For this reason, first in-situ temperature-dependent measurements of the dielectric properties during the stabilization stage are presented. The impact of raising temperatures and chemical reactions on the dielectric properties of the heated PAN fiber is discussed. Secondly, the steps taken to set up the reaction kinetics from the dielectric loss point of view are given. This enables determination of the reaction degree as a function of the measured dielectric loss for the first time. The established correlation opens the potential for the application to processes such as an in-situ quality determination. The strong temperature impact on the process is shown, and reaction kinetics are analyzed accordingly. In a final third step, a heat transfer model is presented. It utilizes the evaluated reaction kinetics data and microwave heating, creating a first modelling approach for monitoring and controlling the desired fiber temperature, leading towards an online process. MDPI 2022-02-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8838202/ /pubmed/35161167 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15031222 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Hofele, Julia Link, Guido Jelonnek, John Reaction Kinetics and Process Model of the Polyacrylonitrile Fibers Stabilization Process Based on Dielectric Measurements |
title | Reaction Kinetics and Process Model of the Polyacrylonitrile Fibers Stabilization Process Based on Dielectric Measurements |
title_full | Reaction Kinetics and Process Model of the Polyacrylonitrile Fibers Stabilization Process Based on Dielectric Measurements |
title_fullStr | Reaction Kinetics and Process Model of the Polyacrylonitrile Fibers Stabilization Process Based on Dielectric Measurements |
title_full_unstemmed | Reaction Kinetics and Process Model of the Polyacrylonitrile Fibers Stabilization Process Based on Dielectric Measurements |
title_short | Reaction Kinetics and Process Model of the Polyacrylonitrile Fibers Stabilization Process Based on Dielectric Measurements |
title_sort | reaction kinetics and process model of the polyacrylonitrile fibers stabilization process based on dielectric measurements |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8838202/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35161167 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15031222 |
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