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Associations between Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Longitudinal Analysis among High-Risk Individuals for Diabetes in Kerala, India

The association between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors is not well understood among adults in India, particularly among those at high risk for diabetes. For this study, we analyzed the data of 1007 participants (age 30–60 years) from baseline and year one and two follow-ups from t...

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Autores principales: Cao, Yingting, Huynh, Quan, Kapoor, Nitin, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, de Mello, Gabrielli Thais, Oldenburg, Brian, Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman, Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8838960/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35277021
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14030662
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author Cao, Yingting
Huynh, Quan
Kapoor, Nitin
Jeemon, Panniyammakal
de Mello, Gabrielli Thais
Oldenburg, Brian
Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman
Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu
author_facet Cao, Yingting
Huynh, Quan
Kapoor, Nitin
Jeemon, Panniyammakal
de Mello, Gabrielli Thais
Oldenburg, Brian
Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman
Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu
author_sort Cao, Yingting
collection PubMed
description The association between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors is not well understood among adults in India, particularly among those at high risk for diabetes. For this study, we analyzed the data of 1007 participants (age 30–60 years) from baseline and year one and two follow-ups from the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program using multi-level mixed effects modelling. Dietary intake was measured using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis. Two dietary patterns were identified: a “snack-fruit” pattern (highly loaded with fats and oils, snacks, and fruits) and a “rice-meat-refined wheat” pattern (highly loaded with meat, rice, and refined wheat). The “snack-fruit” pattern was associated with increased triglycerides (mg/dL) (β = 6.76, 95% CI 2.63–10.89), while the “rice-meat-refined wheat” pattern was associated with elevated Hb1Ac (percentage) (β = 0.04, 95% CI 0.01, 0.07) and central obesity (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.01, 1.34). These findings may help inform designing dietary interventions for the prevention of diabetes and improving cardiometabolic risk factors in high-diabetes-risk individuals in the Indian setting.
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spelling pubmed-88389602022-02-13 Associations between Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Longitudinal Analysis among High-Risk Individuals for Diabetes in Kerala, India Cao, Yingting Huynh, Quan Kapoor, Nitin Jeemon, Panniyammakal de Mello, Gabrielli Thais Oldenburg, Brian Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu Nutrients Article The association between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors is not well understood among adults in India, particularly among those at high risk for diabetes. For this study, we analyzed the data of 1007 participants (age 30–60 years) from baseline and year one and two follow-ups from the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program using multi-level mixed effects modelling. Dietary intake was measured using a quantitative food frequency questionnaire, and dietary patterns were identified using principal component analysis. Two dietary patterns were identified: a “snack-fruit” pattern (highly loaded with fats and oils, snacks, and fruits) and a “rice-meat-refined wheat” pattern (highly loaded with meat, rice, and refined wheat). The “snack-fruit” pattern was associated with increased triglycerides (mg/dL) (β = 6.76, 95% CI 2.63–10.89), while the “rice-meat-refined wheat” pattern was associated with elevated Hb1Ac (percentage) (β = 0.04, 95% CI 0.01, 0.07) and central obesity (OR 1.16, 95% CI 1.01, 1.34). These findings may help inform designing dietary interventions for the prevention of diabetes and improving cardiometabolic risk factors in high-diabetes-risk individuals in the Indian setting. MDPI 2022-02-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8838960/ /pubmed/35277021 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14030662 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Cao, Yingting
Huynh, Quan
Kapoor, Nitin
Jeemon, Panniyammakal
de Mello, Gabrielli Thais
Oldenburg, Brian
Thankappan, Kavumpurathu Raman
Sathish, Thirunavukkarasu
Associations between Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Longitudinal Analysis among High-Risk Individuals for Diabetes in Kerala, India
title Associations between Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Longitudinal Analysis among High-Risk Individuals for Diabetes in Kerala, India
title_full Associations between Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Longitudinal Analysis among High-Risk Individuals for Diabetes in Kerala, India
title_fullStr Associations between Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Longitudinal Analysis among High-Risk Individuals for Diabetes in Kerala, India
title_full_unstemmed Associations between Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Longitudinal Analysis among High-Risk Individuals for Diabetes in Kerala, India
title_short Associations between Dietary Patterns and Cardiometabolic Risk Factors—A Longitudinal Analysis among High-Risk Individuals for Diabetes in Kerala, India
title_sort associations between dietary patterns and cardiometabolic risk factors—a longitudinal analysis among high-risk individuals for diabetes in kerala, india
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8838960/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35277021
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu14030662
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