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Optimization of Microwave Assisted Extraction Conditions to Improve Phenolic Content and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Microbial Activity in Quercus cerris Bark Extracts

The species of the Quercus genus, including Quercus cerris L., are widely used and their wood represents a valuable material utilized for various purposes. The intense industrial processing of wood results in a considerable amount of poorly-used natural by-products, such as bark, and a loss of poten...

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Autores principales: Nisca, Adrian, Ștefănescu, Ruxandra, Moldovan, Cadmiel, Mocan, Andrei, Mare, Anca Delia, Ciurea, Cristina Nicoleta, Man, Adrian, Muntean, Daniela-Lucia, Tanase, Corneliu
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8839461/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35161221
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11030240
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author Nisca, Adrian
Ștefănescu, Ruxandra
Moldovan, Cadmiel
Mocan, Andrei
Mare, Anca Delia
Ciurea, Cristina Nicoleta
Man, Adrian
Muntean, Daniela-Lucia
Tanase, Corneliu
author_facet Nisca, Adrian
Ștefănescu, Ruxandra
Moldovan, Cadmiel
Mocan, Andrei
Mare, Anca Delia
Ciurea, Cristina Nicoleta
Man, Adrian
Muntean, Daniela-Lucia
Tanase, Corneliu
author_sort Nisca, Adrian
collection PubMed
description The species of the Quercus genus, including Quercus cerris L., are widely used and their wood represents a valuable material utilized for various purposes. The intense industrial processing of wood results in a considerable amount of poorly-used natural by-products, such as bark, and a loss of potentially useful raw materials. Thus, the aim of our study was to evaluate the phytochemical characteristics and potential biological activities of Quercus cerris bark extracts obtained by optimizing the parameters of microwave assisted extraction (MAE). The optimum conditions for MAE were determined using a design of experiments (DoE) model, which set the experimental variables (irradiation time and microwave power) and their values. Aqueous and hydroalcoholic extractions were performed and the optimum parameters of extraction were determined for both solvents. The total polyphenolic and tannin contents were determined. The biological activities representative of antioxidant capacity were determined using two free radical scavenging methods, the DPPH and ABTS methods, and the antibacterial activity was assessed with the microdilution method. The results showed different optimal extraction conditions for aqueous (30 min at 850 W) and hydroalcoholic (18 min at 650 W) extracts. A higher yield of total polyphenols was observed in the hydroalcoholic bark extract (403.73 ± 7.35 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dried weight); however a lower level of tannins was registered in comparison to the aqueous extract. In addition, both extracts exerted high antioxidant activities, with the aqueous extracts having a stronger inhibitory effect against the DPPH radical. Moreover, the extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains, especially against the Gram-positive strains and Klebsiella pneumoniae, with the hydroalcoholic extracts being more efficient overall. To conclude, the optimized MAE was an efficient method to extract phytochemical compounds with potential biological effects from Quercus cerris bark.
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spelling pubmed-88394612022-02-13 Optimization of Microwave Assisted Extraction Conditions to Improve Phenolic Content and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Microbial Activity in Quercus cerris Bark Extracts Nisca, Adrian Ștefănescu, Ruxandra Moldovan, Cadmiel Mocan, Andrei Mare, Anca Delia Ciurea, Cristina Nicoleta Man, Adrian Muntean, Daniela-Lucia Tanase, Corneliu Plants (Basel) Article The species of the Quercus genus, including Quercus cerris L., are widely used and their wood represents a valuable material utilized for various purposes. The intense industrial processing of wood results in a considerable amount of poorly-used natural by-products, such as bark, and a loss of potentially useful raw materials. Thus, the aim of our study was to evaluate the phytochemical characteristics and potential biological activities of Quercus cerris bark extracts obtained by optimizing the parameters of microwave assisted extraction (MAE). The optimum conditions for MAE were determined using a design of experiments (DoE) model, which set the experimental variables (irradiation time and microwave power) and their values. Aqueous and hydroalcoholic extractions were performed and the optimum parameters of extraction were determined for both solvents. The total polyphenolic and tannin contents were determined. The biological activities representative of antioxidant capacity were determined using two free radical scavenging methods, the DPPH and ABTS methods, and the antibacterial activity was assessed with the microdilution method. The results showed different optimal extraction conditions for aqueous (30 min at 850 W) and hydroalcoholic (18 min at 650 W) extracts. A higher yield of total polyphenols was observed in the hydroalcoholic bark extract (403.73 ± 7.35 mg gallic acid equivalents/g dried weight); however a lower level of tannins was registered in comparison to the aqueous extract. In addition, both extracts exerted high antioxidant activities, with the aqueous extracts having a stronger inhibitory effect against the DPPH radical. Moreover, the extracts exhibited antibacterial activity against the tested bacterial strains, especially against the Gram-positive strains and Klebsiella pneumoniae, with the hydroalcoholic extracts being more efficient overall. To conclude, the optimized MAE was an efficient method to extract phytochemical compounds with potential biological effects from Quercus cerris bark. MDPI 2022-01-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8839461/ /pubmed/35161221 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11030240 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Article
Nisca, Adrian
Ștefănescu, Ruxandra
Moldovan, Cadmiel
Mocan, Andrei
Mare, Anca Delia
Ciurea, Cristina Nicoleta
Man, Adrian
Muntean, Daniela-Lucia
Tanase, Corneliu
Optimization of Microwave Assisted Extraction Conditions to Improve Phenolic Content and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Microbial Activity in Quercus cerris Bark Extracts
title Optimization of Microwave Assisted Extraction Conditions to Improve Phenolic Content and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Microbial Activity in Quercus cerris Bark Extracts
title_full Optimization of Microwave Assisted Extraction Conditions to Improve Phenolic Content and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Microbial Activity in Quercus cerris Bark Extracts
title_fullStr Optimization of Microwave Assisted Extraction Conditions to Improve Phenolic Content and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Microbial Activity in Quercus cerris Bark Extracts
title_full_unstemmed Optimization of Microwave Assisted Extraction Conditions to Improve Phenolic Content and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Microbial Activity in Quercus cerris Bark Extracts
title_short Optimization of Microwave Assisted Extraction Conditions to Improve Phenolic Content and In Vitro Antioxidant and Anti-Microbial Activity in Quercus cerris Bark Extracts
title_sort optimization of microwave assisted extraction conditions to improve phenolic content and in vitro antioxidant and anti-microbial activity in quercus cerris bark extracts
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8839461/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35161221
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11030240
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