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Optimisation of Thermal Processes with Plasma Nitriding on Vanadis 4 High Speed Steel
Vanadis 4 steel is a tool steel processed by powder metallurgy (PM). Its main alloying elements are Cr, V and Mo. Through the application of a design of experiments with six factors and eight experiments, the parameters of the process related to the thermal treatment of these steels are deliberately...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8839709/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35160856 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030906 |
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author | Alvarez-Antolin, Florentino Gonzalez-Pociño, Alejandro Cofiño-Villar, Alberto Alvarez-Perez, Carlos Hugo |
author_facet | Alvarez-Antolin, Florentino Gonzalez-Pociño, Alejandro Cofiño-Villar, Alberto Alvarez-Perez, Carlos Hugo |
author_sort | Alvarez-Antolin, Florentino |
collection | PubMed |
description | Vanadis 4 steel is a tool steel processed by powder metallurgy (PM). Its main alloying elements are Cr, V and Mo. Through the application of a design of experiments with six factors and eight experiments, the parameters of the process related to the thermal treatment of these steels are deliberately varied. Those thermal parameters related to the destabilisation of austenite were analysed: the cooling method in quenching, tempering and the application of an ionic nitriding treatment. Through XRD, the percentage and types of precipitated crystalline phases were determined, and, through SEM-EDX, the microstructure was revealed. At the same time, through a pin-on-disc test, those factors with a significant influence on resistance to wear were determined. It has been concluded that, in order to increase resistance to wear, treatments of destabilisation of the austenite at 900 °C with oil quenching, tempering at 550 °C for 4 h and a subsequent treatment of plasma nitriding would be very favourable. This tempering favours a second destabilisation of the austenite and its transformation into martensite, as well as the joint precipitation of type M(7)C(3) and MC carbides. The thickness of the nitrided layer exceeds 100 microns and generates a fully adhesive wear mechanism. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8839709 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88397092022-02-13 Optimisation of Thermal Processes with Plasma Nitriding on Vanadis 4 High Speed Steel Alvarez-Antolin, Florentino Gonzalez-Pociño, Alejandro Cofiño-Villar, Alberto Alvarez-Perez, Carlos Hugo Materials (Basel) Article Vanadis 4 steel is a tool steel processed by powder metallurgy (PM). Its main alloying elements are Cr, V and Mo. Through the application of a design of experiments with six factors and eight experiments, the parameters of the process related to the thermal treatment of these steels are deliberately varied. Those thermal parameters related to the destabilisation of austenite were analysed: the cooling method in quenching, tempering and the application of an ionic nitriding treatment. Through XRD, the percentage and types of precipitated crystalline phases were determined, and, through SEM-EDX, the microstructure was revealed. At the same time, through a pin-on-disc test, those factors with a significant influence on resistance to wear were determined. It has been concluded that, in order to increase resistance to wear, treatments of destabilisation of the austenite at 900 °C with oil quenching, tempering at 550 °C for 4 h and a subsequent treatment of plasma nitriding would be very favourable. This tempering favours a second destabilisation of the austenite and its transformation into martensite, as well as the joint precipitation of type M(7)C(3) and MC carbides. The thickness of the nitrided layer exceeds 100 microns and generates a fully adhesive wear mechanism. MDPI 2022-01-25 /pmc/articles/PMC8839709/ /pubmed/35160856 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030906 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Alvarez-Antolin, Florentino Gonzalez-Pociño, Alejandro Cofiño-Villar, Alberto Alvarez-Perez, Carlos Hugo Optimisation of Thermal Processes with Plasma Nitriding on Vanadis 4 High Speed Steel |
title | Optimisation of Thermal Processes with Plasma Nitriding on Vanadis 4 High Speed Steel |
title_full | Optimisation of Thermal Processes with Plasma Nitriding on Vanadis 4 High Speed Steel |
title_fullStr | Optimisation of Thermal Processes with Plasma Nitriding on Vanadis 4 High Speed Steel |
title_full_unstemmed | Optimisation of Thermal Processes with Plasma Nitriding on Vanadis 4 High Speed Steel |
title_short | Optimisation of Thermal Processes with Plasma Nitriding on Vanadis 4 High Speed Steel |
title_sort | optimisation of thermal processes with plasma nitriding on vanadis 4 high speed steel |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8839709/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35160856 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15030906 |
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