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Breath Analysis: A Promising Tool for Disease Diagnosis—The Role of Sensors

Early-stage disease diagnosis is of particular importance for effective patient identification as well as their treatment. Lack of patient compliance for the existing diagnostic methods, however, limits prompt diagnosis, rendering the development of non-invasive diagnostic tools mandatory. One of th...

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Autores principales: Kaloumenou, Maria, Skotadis, Evangelos, Lagopati, Nefeli, Efstathopoulos, Efstathios, Tsoukalas, Dimitris
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8840008/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35161984
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031238
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author Kaloumenou, Maria
Skotadis, Evangelos
Lagopati, Nefeli
Efstathopoulos, Efstathios
Tsoukalas, Dimitris
author_facet Kaloumenou, Maria
Skotadis, Evangelos
Lagopati, Nefeli
Efstathopoulos, Efstathios
Tsoukalas, Dimitris
author_sort Kaloumenou, Maria
collection PubMed
description Early-stage disease diagnosis is of particular importance for effective patient identification as well as their treatment. Lack of patient compliance for the existing diagnostic methods, however, limits prompt diagnosis, rendering the development of non-invasive diagnostic tools mandatory. One of the most promising non-invasive diagnostic methods that has also attracted great research interest during the last years is breath analysis; the method detects gas-analytes such as exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and inorganic gases that are considered to be important biomarkers for various disease-types. The diagnostic ability of gas-pattern detection using analytical techniques and especially sensors has been widely discussed in the literature; however, the incorporation of novel nanomaterials in sensor-development has also proved to enhance sensor performance, for both selective and cross-reactive applications. The aim of the first part of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of the main categories of sensors studied for disease diagnosis applications via the detection of exhaled gas-analytes and to highlight the role of nanomaterials. The second and most novel part of this review concentrates on the remarkable applicability of breath analysis in differential diagnosis, phenotyping, and the staging of several disease-types, which are currently amongst the most pressing challenges in the field.
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spelling pubmed-88400082022-02-13 Breath Analysis: A Promising Tool for Disease Diagnosis—The Role of Sensors Kaloumenou, Maria Skotadis, Evangelos Lagopati, Nefeli Efstathopoulos, Efstathios Tsoukalas, Dimitris Sensors (Basel) Review Early-stage disease diagnosis is of particular importance for effective patient identification as well as their treatment. Lack of patient compliance for the existing diagnostic methods, however, limits prompt diagnosis, rendering the development of non-invasive diagnostic tools mandatory. One of the most promising non-invasive diagnostic methods that has also attracted great research interest during the last years is breath analysis; the method detects gas-analytes such as exhaled volatile organic compounds (VOCs) and inorganic gases that are considered to be important biomarkers for various disease-types. The diagnostic ability of gas-pattern detection using analytical techniques and especially sensors has been widely discussed in the literature; however, the incorporation of novel nanomaterials in sensor-development has also proved to enhance sensor performance, for both selective and cross-reactive applications. The aim of the first part of this review is to provide an up-to-date overview of the main categories of sensors studied for disease diagnosis applications via the detection of exhaled gas-analytes and to highlight the role of nanomaterials. The second and most novel part of this review concentrates on the remarkable applicability of breath analysis in differential diagnosis, phenotyping, and the staging of several disease-types, which are currently amongst the most pressing challenges in the field. MDPI 2022-02-06 /pmc/articles/PMC8840008/ /pubmed/35161984 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031238 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Kaloumenou, Maria
Skotadis, Evangelos
Lagopati, Nefeli
Efstathopoulos, Efstathios
Tsoukalas, Dimitris
Breath Analysis: A Promising Tool for Disease Diagnosis—The Role of Sensors
title Breath Analysis: A Promising Tool for Disease Diagnosis—The Role of Sensors
title_full Breath Analysis: A Promising Tool for Disease Diagnosis—The Role of Sensors
title_fullStr Breath Analysis: A Promising Tool for Disease Diagnosis—The Role of Sensors
title_full_unstemmed Breath Analysis: A Promising Tool for Disease Diagnosis—The Role of Sensors
title_short Breath Analysis: A Promising Tool for Disease Diagnosis—The Role of Sensors
title_sort breath analysis: a promising tool for disease diagnosis—the role of sensors
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8840008/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35161984
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031238
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