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Recent Advances in the Surface Functionalization of PLGA-Based Nanomedicines

Therapeutics are habitually characterized by short plasma half-lives and little affinity for targeted cells. To overcome these challenges, nanoparticulate systems have entered into the disease arena. Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) is one of the most relevant biocompatible materials to constru...

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Autores principales: El-Hammadi, Mazen M., Arias, José L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8840194/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35159698
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12030354
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author El-Hammadi, Mazen M.
Arias, José L.
author_facet El-Hammadi, Mazen M.
Arias, José L.
author_sort El-Hammadi, Mazen M.
collection PubMed
description Therapeutics are habitually characterized by short plasma half-lives and little affinity for targeted cells. To overcome these challenges, nanoparticulate systems have entered into the disease arena. Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) is one of the most relevant biocompatible materials to construct drug nanocarriers. Understanding the physical chemistry of this copolymer and current knowledge of its biological fate will help in engineering efficient PLGA-based nanomedicines. Surface modification of the nanoparticle structure has been proposed as a required functionalization to optimize the performance in biological systems and to localize the PLGA colloid into the site of action. In this review, a background is provided on the properties and biodegradation of the copolymer. Methods to formulate PLGA nanoparticles, as well as their in vitro performance and in vivo fate, are briefly discussed. In addition, a special focus is placed on the analysis of current research in the use of surface modification strategies to engineer PLGA nanoparticles, i.e., PEGylation and the use of PEG alternatives, surfactants and lipids to improve in vitro and in vivo stability and to create hydrophilic shells or stealth protection for the nanoparticle. Finally, an update on the use of ligands to decorate the surface of PLGA nanomedicines is included in the review.
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spelling pubmed-88401942022-02-13 Recent Advances in the Surface Functionalization of PLGA-Based Nanomedicines El-Hammadi, Mazen M. Arias, José L. Nanomaterials (Basel) Review Therapeutics are habitually characterized by short plasma half-lives and little affinity for targeted cells. To overcome these challenges, nanoparticulate systems have entered into the disease arena. Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) is one of the most relevant biocompatible materials to construct drug nanocarriers. Understanding the physical chemistry of this copolymer and current knowledge of its biological fate will help in engineering efficient PLGA-based nanomedicines. Surface modification of the nanoparticle structure has been proposed as a required functionalization to optimize the performance in biological systems and to localize the PLGA colloid into the site of action. In this review, a background is provided on the properties and biodegradation of the copolymer. Methods to formulate PLGA nanoparticles, as well as their in vitro performance and in vivo fate, are briefly discussed. In addition, a special focus is placed on the analysis of current research in the use of surface modification strategies to engineer PLGA nanoparticles, i.e., PEGylation and the use of PEG alternatives, surfactants and lipids to improve in vitro and in vivo stability and to create hydrophilic shells or stealth protection for the nanoparticle. Finally, an update on the use of ligands to decorate the surface of PLGA nanomedicines is included in the review. MDPI 2022-01-22 /pmc/articles/PMC8840194/ /pubmed/35159698 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12030354 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
El-Hammadi, Mazen M.
Arias, José L.
Recent Advances in the Surface Functionalization of PLGA-Based Nanomedicines
title Recent Advances in the Surface Functionalization of PLGA-Based Nanomedicines
title_full Recent Advances in the Surface Functionalization of PLGA-Based Nanomedicines
title_fullStr Recent Advances in the Surface Functionalization of PLGA-Based Nanomedicines
title_full_unstemmed Recent Advances in the Surface Functionalization of PLGA-Based Nanomedicines
title_short Recent Advances in the Surface Functionalization of PLGA-Based Nanomedicines
title_sort recent advances in the surface functionalization of plga-based nanomedicines
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8840194/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35159698
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nano12030354
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