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Osmotic Adjustment in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) During Pre- and Post-anthesis Drought

Pre-anthesis drought is expected to greatly increase yield losses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), one of the most important crops worldwide. Most studies investigate the effects of pre-anthesis drought only at maturity. The physiology of the plant before anthesis and how it is affected during droug...

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Autores principales: Verbeke, Sarah, Padilla-Díaz, Carmen María, Haesaert, Geert, Steppe, Kathy
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8841719/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35173756
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.775652
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author Verbeke, Sarah
Padilla-Díaz, Carmen María
Haesaert, Geert
Steppe, Kathy
author_facet Verbeke, Sarah
Padilla-Díaz, Carmen María
Haesaert, Geert
Steppe, Kathy
author_sort Verbeke, Sarah
collection PubMed
description Pre-anthesis drought is expected to greatly increase yield losses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), one of the most important crops worldwide. Most studies investigate the effects of pre-anthesis drought only at maturity. The physiology of the plant before anthesis and how it is affected during drought is less studied. Our study focused on physiological patterns in wheat plants during pre- and post-anthesis drought. To this end, we measured leaf xylem water potential, osmotic potential and water content in different plant parts at a high temporal frequency: every 3 days, three times a day. The experiment started just before booting until 2 weeks after flowering. Drought stress was induced by withholding irrigation with rewatering upon turgor loss, which occurred once before and once after anthesis. The goal was to investigate the patterns of osmotic adjustment, when it is used for protection against drought, and if the strategy changes during the phenological development of the plant. Our data gave no indication of daily osmotic adjustment, but did show a delicate control of the osmotic potential during drought in both leaves and stem. Under high drought stress, osmotic potential decreased to avoid further water loss. Before anthesis, rewatering restored leaf water potential and osmotic potential quickly. After anthesis, rewatering restored water potential in the flag leaves, but the osmotic potential in the stem and flag leaf remained low longer. Osmotic adjustment was thus maintained longer after anthesis, showing that the plants invest more energy in the osmotic adjustment after anthesis than before anthesis. We hypothesize that this is because the plants consider the developing ear after anthesis a more important carbohydrate sink than the stem, which is a carbohydrate sink before anthesis, to be used later as a reserve. Low osmotic potential in the stem allowed turgor maintenance, while the low osmotic potential in the flag leaf led to an increase in leaf turgor beyond the level of the control plants. This allowed leaf functioning under drought and assured that water was redirected to the flag leaf and not used to refill the stem storage.
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spelling pubmed-88417192022-02-15 Osmotic Adjustment in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) During Pre- and Post-anthesis Drought Verbeke, Sarah Padilla-Díaz, Carmen María Haesaert, Geert Steppe, Kathy Front Plant Sci Plant Science Pre-anthesis drought is expected to greatly increase yield losses in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), one of the most important crops worldwide. Most studies investigate the effects of pre-anthesis drought only at maturity. The physiology of the plant before anthesis and how it is affected during drought is less studied. Our study focused on physiological patterns in wheat plants during pre- and post-anthesis drought. To this end, we measured leaf xylem water potential, osmotic potential and water content in different plant parts at a high temporal frequency: every 3 days, three times a day. The experiment started just before booting until 2 weeks after flowering. Drought stress was induced by withholding irrigation with rewatering upon turgor loss, which occurred once before and once after anthesis. The goal was to investigate the patterns of osmotic adjustment, when it is used for protection against drought, and if the strategy changes during the phenological development of the plant. Our data gave no indication of daily osmotic adjustment, but did show a delicate control of the osmotic potential during drought in both leaves and stem. Under high drought stress, osmotic potential decreased to avoid further water loss. Before anthesis, rewatering restored leaf water potential and osmotic potential quickly. After anthesis, rewatering restored water potential in the flag leaves, but the osmotic potential in the stem and flag leaf remained low longer. Osmotic adjustment was thus maintained longer after anthesis, showing that the plants invest more energy in the osmotic adjustment after anthesis than before anthesis. We hypothesize that this is because the plants consider the developing ear after anthesis a more important carbohydrate sink than the stem, which is a carbohydrate sink before anthesis, to be used later as a reserve. Low osmotic potential in the stem allowed turgor maintenance, while the low osmotic potential in the flag leaf led to an increase in leaf turgor beyond the level of the control plants. This allowed leaf functioning under drought and assured that water was redirected to the flag leaf and not used to refill the stem storage. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-01-31 /pmc/articles/PMC8841719/ /pubmed/35173756 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.775652 Text en Copyright © 2022 Verbeke, Padilla-Díaz, Haesaert and Steppe. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Verbeke, Sarah
Padilla-Díaz, Carmen María
Haesaert, Geert
Steppe, Kathy
Osmotic Adjustment in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) During Pre- and Post-anthesis Drought
title Osmotic Adjustment in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) During Pre- and Post-anthesis Drought
title_full Osmotic Adjustment in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) During Pre- and Post-anthesis Drought
title_fullStr Osmotic Adjustment in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) During Pre- and Post-anthesis Drought
title_full_unstemmed Osmotic Adjustment in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) During Pre- and Post-anthesis Drought
title_short Osmotic Adjustment in Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) During Pre- and Post-anthesis Drought
title_sort osmotic adjustment in wheat (triticum aestivum l.) during pre- and post-anthesis drought
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8841719/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35173756
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.775652
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