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Identifying SARS-COV-2 infected patients through canine olfactive detection on axillary sweat samples; study of observed sensitivities and specificities within a group of trained dogs
There is an increasing need for rapid, reliable, non-invasive, and inexpensive mass testing methods as the global COVID-19 pandemic continues. Detection dogs could be a possible solution to identify individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2. Previous studies have shown that dogs can detect SARS-CoV-2 on...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8843128/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35157716 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262631 |
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author | Grandjean, Dominique Gallet, Capucine Julien, Clothilde Sarkis, Riad Muzzin, Quentin Roger, Vinciane Roisse, Didier Dirn, Nicolas Levert, Clement Breton, Erwan Galtat, Arnaud Forget, Alexandre Charreaudeau, Sebastien Gasmi, Fabien Jean-Baptiste, Caroline Petitjean, Sebastien Hamon, Katia Duquesne, Jean-Michel Coudert, Chantal Tourtier, Jean-Pierre Billy, Christophe Wurtz, Jean-Marc Chauvin, Anthony Eyer, Xavier Ziani, Sabrina Prevel, Laura Cherubini, Ilaria Khelili-Houas, Enfel Hausfater, Pierre Devillier, Philippe Desquilbet, Loic |
author_facet | Grandjean, Dominique Gallet, Capucine Julien, Clothilde Sarkis, Riad Muzzin, Quentin Roger, Vinciane Roisse, Didier Dirn, Nicolas Levert, Clement Breton, Erwan Galtat, Arnaud Forget, Alexandre Charreaudeau, Sebastien Gasmi, Fabien Jean-Baptiste, Caroline Petitjean, Sebastien Hamon, Katia Duquesne, Jean-Michel Coudert, Chantal Tourtier, Jean-Pierre Billy, Christophe Wurtz, Jean-Marc Chauvin, Anthony Eyer, Xavier Ziani, Sabrina Prevel, Laura Cherubini, Ilaria Khelili-Houas, Enfel Hausfater, Pierre Devillier, Philippe Desquilbet, Loic |
author_sort | Grandjean, Dominique |
collection | PubMed |
description | There is an increasing need for rapid, reliable, non-invasive, and inexpensive mass testing methods as the global COVID-19 pandemic continues. Detection dogs could be a possible solution to identify individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2. Previous studies have shown that dogs can detect SARS-CoV-2 on sweat samples. This study aims to establish the dogs’ sensitivity (true positive rate) which measures the proportion of people with COVID-19 that are correctly identified, and specificity (true negative rate) which measures the proportion of people without COVID-19 that are correctly identified. Seven search and rescue dogs were tested using a total of 218 axillary sweat samples (62 positive and 156 negative) in olfaction cones following a randomised and double-blind protocol. Sensitivity ranged from 87% to 94%, and specificity ranged from 78% to 92%, with four dogs over 90%. These results were used to calculate the positive predictive value and negative predictive value for each dog for different infection probabilities (how likely it is for an individual to be SARS-CoV-2 positive), ranging from 10–50%. These results were compared with a reference diagnostic tool which has 95% specificity and sensitivity. Negative predictive values for six dogs ranged from ≥98% at 10% infection probability to ≥88% at 50% infection probability compared with the reference tool which ranged from 99% to 95%. Positive predictive values ranged from ≥40% at 10% infection probability to ≥80% at 50% infection probability compared with the reference tool which ranged from 68% to 95%. This study confirms previous results, suggesting that dogs could play an important role in mass-testing situations. Future challenges include optimal training methods and standardisation for large numbers of detection dogs and infrastructure supporting their deployment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8843128 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88431282022-02-15 Identifying SARS-COV-2 infected patients through canine olfactive detection on axillary sweat samples; study of observed sensitivities and specificities within a group of trained dogs Grandjean, Dominique Gallet, Capucine Julien, Clothilde Sarkis, Riad Muzzin, Quentin Roger, Vinciane Roisse, Didier Dirn, Nicolas Levert, Clement Breton, Erwan Galtat, Arnaud Forget, Alexandre Charreaudeau, Sebastien Gasmi, Fabien Jean-Baptiste, Caroline Petitjean, Sebastien Hamon, Katia Duquesne, Jean-Michel Coudert, Chantal Tourtier, Jean-Pierre Billy, Christophe Wurtz, Jean-Marc Chauvin, Anthony Eyer, Xavier Ziani, Sabrina Prevel, Laura Cherubini, Ilaria Khelili-Houas, Enfel Hausfater, Pierre Devillier, Philippe Desquilbet, Loic PLoS One Research Article There is an increasing need for rapid, reliable, non-invasive, and inexpensive mass testing methods as the global COVID-19 pandemic continues. Detection dogs could be a possible solution to identify individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2. Previous studies have shown that dogs can detect SARS-CoV-2 on sweat samples. This study aims to establish the dogs’ sensitivity (true positive rate) which measures the proportion of people with COVID-19 that are correctly identified, and specificity (true negative rate) which measures the proportion of people without COVID-19 that are correctly identified. Seven search and rescue dogs were tested using a total of 218 axillary sweat samples (62 positive and 156 negative) in olfaction cones following a randomised and double-blind protocol. Sensitivity ranged from 87% to 94%, and specificity ranged from 78% to 92%, with four dogs over 90%. These results were used to calculate the positive predictive value and negative predictive value for each dog for different infection probabilities (how likely it is for an individual to be SARS-CoV-2 positive), ranging from 10–50%. These results were compared with a reference diagnostic tool which has 95% specificity and sensitivity. Negative predictive values for six dogs ranged from ≥98% at 10% infection probability to ≥88% at 50% infection probability compared with the reference tool which ranged from 99% to 95%. Positive predictive values ranged from ≥40% at 10% infection probability to ≥80% at 50% infection probability compared with the reference tool which ranged from 68% to 95%. This study confirms previous results, suggesting that dogs could play an important role in mass-testing situations. Future challenges include optimal training methods and standardisation for large numbers of detection dogs and infrastructure supporting their deployment. Public Library of Science 2022-02-14 /pmc/articles/PMC8843128/ /pubmed/35157716 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262631 Text en © 2022 Grandjean et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Grandjean, Dominique Gallet, Capucine Julien, Clothilde Sarkis, Riad Muzzin, Quentin Roger, Vinciane Roisse, Didier Dirn, Nicolas Levert, Clement Breton, Erwan Galtat, Arnaud Forget, Alexandre Charreaudeau, Sebastien Gasmi, Fabien Jean-Baptiste, Caroline Petitjean, Sebastien Hamon, Katia Duquesne, Jean-Michel Coudert, Chantal Tourtier, Jean-Pierre Billy, Christophe Wurtz, Jean-Marc Chauvin, Anthony Eyer, Xavier Ziani, Sabrina Prevel, Laura Cherubini, Ilaria Khelili-Houas, Enfel Hausfater, Pierre Devillier, Philippe Desquilbet, Loic Identifying SARS-COV-2 infected patients through canine olfactive detection on axillary sweat samples; study of observed sensitivities and specificities within a group of trained dogs |
title | Identifying SARS-COV-2 infected patients through canine olfactive detection on axillary sweat samples; study of observed sensitivities and specificities within a group of trained dogs |
title_full | Identifying SARS-COV-2 infected patients through canine olfactive detection on axillary sweat samples; study of observed sensitivities and specificities within a group of trained dogs |
title_fullStr | Identifying SARS-COV-2 infected patients through canine olfactive detection on axillary sweat samples; study of observed sensitivities and specificities within a group of trained dogs |
title_full_unstemmed | Identifying SARS-COV-2 infected patients through canine olfactive detection on axillary sweat samples; study of observed sensitivities and specificities within a group of trained dogs |
title_short | Identifying SARS-COV-2 infected patients through canine olfactive detection on axillary sweat samples; study of observed sensitivities and specificities within a group of trained dogs |
title_sort | identifying sars-cov-2 infected patients through canine olfactive detection on axillary sweat samples; study of observed sensitivities and specificities within a group of trained dogs |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8843128/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35157716 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0262631 |
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