Treatment and monitoring of children and adolescents with hepatitis C in Russia: Results from a multi-centre survey on policy and practice

BACKGROUND: The Russian Federation has the largest paediatric hepatitis C virus (HCV) disease burden in the World Health Organization European region with an estimated 118,000 children living with HCV viraemia. Direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) have been available for adults in Russia since 2015 and approved for treatment of adolescents aged ≥12 years since 2019. We evaluated DAA availability and uptake for HCV treatment of children and adolescents and clinical practices on diagnosis and management of paediatric HCV in Russia. METHODS: A survey was distributed to regional ministries of health in 85 administrative regions during September 2020. The survey consisted of 22 items collecting data on: type of facility, aggregate patient characteristics, HCV testing practices for children and pregnant women and HCV management and treatment practices for children. RESULTS: Survey responses were received from 37 of the 85 regions in Russia (response rate 44%). 2159 children and adolescents with chronic HCV were in follow-up; 1089 (50%) were female. Of 2080 children with available data on age-groups, 134 (6%) were <3 years, 336 (16%) 3-<6 years, 718 (35%) 6-<12 years and 892 (43%) 12-<18 years. 134 (15%) of 892 adolescents ≥12 years received DAAs, 96 (72%) glecaprevir/pibrentasvir, 26 (19%) sofosbuvir, 8 (6%) daclatasvir and 4 (3%) sofosbuvir/ledipasvir. CONCLUSIONS: This study provides a baseline of DAA uptake in early stages of rollout for children and adolescents. The use of DAAs for treatment of adolescents in Russia presents a unique opportunity for HCV micro-elimination in this population.