Post-Paracentesis Hemoperitoneum From a Bleeding Mesenteric Varix: A Case Report on a Rare Presentation

We report a case of a 53-year-old male with decompensated liver cirrhosis secondary to alcohol abuse and hepatitis C infection who was admitted for hemorrhagic shock secondary to upper GI bleed. He underwent a therapeutic paracentesis 17 days after admission with the removal of 6 L of ascitic fluid. The patient became hemodynamically unstable after paracentesis and an acute drop in his hemoglobin was noted. On imaging, he was found to have massive hemoperitoneum secondary to a bleeding mesenteric varix. This is a very rare complication of paracentesis in patients with advanced cirrhosis and should be recognized early in the post-procedure period to initiate prompt life-saving measures to minimize morbidity and mortality.