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Age, period, and cohort effects on trends in outpatient addiction care utilization in the general Berlin population from 2008 to 2016

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to decompose independent effects of age, period, and cohort on trends in outpatient addiction care utilization resulting from alcohol (AUD) and illicit substances use disorders (ISUD). Decomposing trends in addiction care utilization into their independent effec...

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Autores principales: Specht, Sara, Schwarzkopf, Larissa, Braun-Michl, Barbara, Seitz, Nicki-Nils, Wildner, Manfred, Kraus, Ludwig
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: BioMed Central 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8848644/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35168578
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12744-6
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author Specht, Sara
Schwarzkopf, Larissa
Braun-Michl, Barbara
Seitz, Nicki-Nils
Wildner, Manfred
Kraus, Ludwig
author_facet Specht, Sara
Schwarzkopf, Larissa
Braun-Michl, Barbara
Seitz, Nicki-Nils
Wildner, Manfred
Kraus, Ludwig
author_sort Specht, Sara
collection PubMed
description BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to decompose independent effects of age, period, and cohort on trends in outpatient addiction care utilization resulting from alcohol (AUD) and illicit substances use disorders (ISUD). Decomposing trends in addiction care utilization into their independent effects by age, period, and cohort may lead to a better understanding of utilization patterns. METHODS: Individuals seeking help in Berlin outpatient addiction care facilities between 2008 and 2016 with an age range of 18–81 years for AUD (n = 46,706) and 18–70 years for ISUD (n = 51,113) were standardized to the general Berlin population using data from the German Federal Statistical Office. Classification of utilization as AUD- (F10) or ISUD-related (F11, F12, F14, F15, F16, F18, F19) help-seeking was based on primary diagnoses according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. Age was measured in years and period as year of data collection. Cohort was defined as the mathematical difference between period and age. Age, period, and cohort analyses were conducted using the intrinsic estimator model on AUD- and ISUD-related outpatient addiction care utilization. RESULTS: Age effects on AUD-related utilization were highest in 18- to 19-year-old and in 39- to 59-year-old individuals. ISUD-related utilization declined almost continuously with increasing age. Period effects on AUD- and ISUD-related utilization were small. AUD-related utilization was highest in cohorts born from 1951 to 1986. ISUD-related utilization increased in cohorts born between 1954 and 1973 where utilization peaked, followed by a decline of the same order. CONCLUSIONS: Age and cohort effects were the strongest drivers of trends in AUD- and ISUD-related outpatient addiction care utilization. Onset of help-seeking in earlier phases of AUD development should be enhanced as well as help-seeking for AUD and ISUD in general. The highest cohort-related rates in the baby boomer and following cohorts for AUD and ISUD underline an increased demand for addiction care. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12744-6.
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spelling pubmed-88486442022-02-18 Age, period, and cohort effects on trends in outpatient addiction care utilization in the general Berlin population from 2008 to 2016 Specht, Sara Schwarzkopf, Larissa Braun-Michl, Barbara Seitz, Nicki-Nils Wildner, Manfred Kraus, Ludwig BMC Public Health Research BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to decompose independent effects of age, period, and cohort on trends in outpatient addiction care utilization resulting from alcohol (AUD) and illicit substances use disorders (ISUD). Decomposing trends in addiction care utilization into their independent effects by age, period, and cohort may lead to a better understanding of utilization patterns. METHODS: Individuals seeking help in Berlin outpatient addiction care facilities between 2008 and 2016 with an age range of 18–81 years for AUD (n = 46,706) and 18–70 years for ISUD (n = 51,113) were standardized to the general Berlin population using data from the German Federal Statistical Office. Classification of utilization as AUD- (F10) or ISUD-related (F11, F12, F14, F15, F16, F18, F19) help-seeking was based on primary diagnoses according to the International Statistical Classification of Diseases and Related Health Problems. Age was measured in years and period as year of data collection. Cohort was defined as the mathematical difference between period and age. Age, period, and cohort analyses were conducted using the intrinsic estimator model on AUD- and ISUD-related outpatient addiction care utilization. RESULTS: Age effects on AUD-related utilization were highest in 18- to 19-year-old and in 39- to 59-year-old individuals. ISUD-related utilization declined almost continuously with increasing age. Period effects on AUD- and ISUD-related utilization were small. AUD-related utilization was highest in cohorts born from 1951 to 1986. ISUD-related utilization increased in cohorts born between 1954 and 1973 where utilization peaked, followed by a decline of the same order. CONCLUSIONS: Age and cohort effects were the strongest drivers of trends in AUD- and ISUD-related outpatient addiction care utilization. Onset of help-seeking in earlier phases of AUD development should be enhanced as well as help-seeking for AUD and ISUD in general. The highest cohort-related rates in the baby boomer and following cohorts for AUD and ISUD underline an increased demand for addiction care. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12889-022-12744-6. BioMed Central 2022-02-15 /pmc/articles/PMC8848644/ /pubmed/35168578 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12744-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.
spellingShingle Research
Specht, Sara
Schwarzkopf, Larissa
Braun-Michl, Barbara
Seitz, Nicki-Nils
Wildner, Manfred
Kraus, Ludwig
Age, period, and cohort effects on trends in outpatient addiction care utilization in the general Berlin population from 2008 to 2016
title Age, period, and cohort effects on trends in outpatient addiction care utilization in the general Berlin population from 2008 to 2016
title_full Age, period, and cohort effects on trends in outpatient addiction care utilization in the general Berlin population from 2008 to 2016
title_fullStr Age, period, and cohort effects on trends in outpatient addiction care utilization in the general Berlin population from 2008 to 2016
title_full_unstemmed Age, period, and cohort effects on trends in outpatient addiction care utilization in the general Berlin population from 2008 to 2016
title_short Age, period, and cohort effects on trends in outpatient addiction care utilization in the general Berlin population from 2008 to 2016
title_sort age, period, and cohort effects on trends in outpatient addiction care utilization in the general berlin population from 2008 to 2016
topic Research
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8848644/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35168578
http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12889-022-12744-6
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