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Tuberculosis contact tracing yield and associated factors in Uganda
BACKGROUND: The yield of tuberculosis (TB) contact tracing is historically low in Uganda. We determined factors associated with a positive contact tracing yield at an urban public TB clinic in Kampala, Uganda. METHODS: We reviewed contact tracing registers of index TB cases registered between 2015 a...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8848908/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35172788 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-022-01860-z |
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author | Baluku, Joseph Baruch Nabwana, Martin Winters, Muttamba Bongomin, Felix |
author_facet | Baluku, Joseph Baruch Nabwana, Martin Winters, Muttamba Bongomin, Felix |
author_sort | Baluku, Joseph Baruch |
collection | PubMed |
description | BACKGROUND: The yield of tuberculosis (TB) contact tracing is historically low in Uganda. We determined factors associated with a positive contact tracing yield at an urban public TB clinic in Kampala, Uganda. METHODS: We reviewed contact tracing registers of index TB cases registered between 2015 and 2020 at Kitebi Health Center, a primary level facility. Contacts who had symptoms of TB were designated as having presumptive TB. A contact investigation that yielded a new TB case was designated as a positive yield. We used logistic regression to determine factors associated with a positive yield of contact tracing. RESULTS: Of 778 index TB cases, 455 (58.5%) had a contact investigation conducted. Index cases with a telephone contact in the unit TB register (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.66, 95% CI 1.02–1.97, p = 0.036) were more likely to have a contact investigation conducted than those who did not. Of 1350 contacts, 105 (7.8%) had presumptive TB. Of these, 73 (69.5%) were further evaluated for active TB and 29 contacts had active TB. The contact tracing yield for active TB was therefore 2.1% (29/1,350). The odds of a positive yield increased tenfold with each additional presumptive contact evaluated for active TB (aOR 10.1, 95% CI 2.95–34.66, p < 0.001). Also, retreatment index TB cases were more likely to yield a positive contact (aOR 7.69 95% CI 2.08–25.00, p = 0.002) than to new cases. CONCLUSION: TB contact tracing should aim to evaluate all contacts with presumptive TB and contacts of retreatment cases to maximise the yield of contact tracing. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-01860-z. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8848908 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88489082022-02-18 Tuberculosis contact tracing yield and associated factors in Uganda Baluku, Joseph Baruch Nabwana, Martin Winters, Muttamba Bongomin, Felix BMC Pulm Med Research BACKGROUND: The yield of tuberculosis (TB) contact tracing is historically low in Uganda. We determined factors associated with a positive contact tracing yield at an urban public TB clinic in Kampala, Uganda. METHODS: We reviewed contact tracing registers of index TB cases registered between 2015 and 2020 at Kitebi Health Center, a primary level facility. Contacts who had symptoms of TB were designated as having presumptive TB. A contact investigation that yielded a new TB case was designated as a positive yield. We used logistic regression to determine factors associated with a positive yield of contact tracing. RESULTS: Of 778 index TB cases, 455 (58.5%) had a contact investigation conducted. Index cases with a telephone contact in the unit TB register (adjusted odds ratio (aOR) 1.66, 95% CI 1.02–1.97, p = 0.036) were more likely to have a contact investigation conducted than those who did not. Of 1350 contacts, 105 (7.8%) had presumptive TB. Of these, 73 (69.5%) were further evaluated for active TB and 29 contacts had active TB. The contact tracing yield for active TB was therefore 2.1% (29/1,350). The odds of a positive yield increased tenfold with each additional presumptive contact evaluated for active TB (aOR 10.1, 95% CI 2.95–34.66, p < 0.001). Also, retreatment index TB cases were more likely to yield a positive contact (aOR 7.69 95% CI 2.08–25.00, p = 0.002) than to new cases. CONCLUSION: TB contact tracing should aim to evaluate all contacts with presumptive TB and contacts of retreatment cases to maximise the yield of contact tracing. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12890-022-01860-z. BioMed Central 2022-02-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8848908/ /pubmed/35172788 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-022-01860-z Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) ) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data. |
spellingShingle | Research Baluku, Joseph Baruch Nabwana, Martin Winters, Muttamba Bongomin, Felix Tuberculosis contact tracing yield and associated factors in Uganda |
title | Tuberculosis contact tracing yield and associated factors in Uganda |
title_full | Tuberculosis contact tracing yield and associated factors in Uganda |
title_fullStr | Tuberculosis contact tracing yield and associated factors in Uganda |
title_full_unstemmed | Tuberculosis contact tracing yield and associated factors in Uganda |
title_short | Tuberculosis contact tracing yield and associated factors in Uganda |
title_sort | tuberculosis contact tracing yield and associated factors in uganda |
topic | Research |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8848908/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35172788 http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s12890-022-01860-z |
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