Unilateral transient high myopization after pediatric strabismus surgery: Observation by anterior segment optical coherence tomography

PURPOSE: To describe an unusual case of unilateral transient high myopization after pediatric strabismus surgery. OBSERVATIONS: A 6-year-old girl with intermittent exotropia had undergone strabismus surgery and experienced a transient decrease in best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA, from 20/20 to 20/33) with high myopization (from +0.25 D to −9.00 D). Slit-lamp microscopy showed anterior chamber inflammation and a narrow angle only in the affected eye. Anterior segment optical coherence tomography (AS-OCT) revealed ciliary body detachment, a narrow angle, a shallow anterior chamber, and an anteroposterior elongation of the crystalline lens in the affected eye. Her symptoms of blurry vision and high myopization improved 8 weeks postoperatively. AS-OCT revealed the resolution of the ciliary body detachment, an open angle, and a deep anterior chamber, with normalization of the anteroposterior length of the crystalline lens. Her BCVA recovered to 20/20 with spherical equivalence of 0 D. CONCLUSIONS AND IMPORTANCE: We reported on an extremely rare case of unilateral transient high myopization following strabismus surgery, which was resolved without additional surgery. This myopization was probably caused due to ciliary body inflammation.