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Three Month Follow-Up of Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia Complicated by Pulmonary Embolism
Background: Previous studies have demonstrated persistent dyspnoea and impairment of respiratory function in the follow-up of patients who have recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia. However, no studies have evaluated the clinical and functional consequences of COVID-19 pneumonia complicated by pulmonar...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8850371/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35187074 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.809186 |
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author | Calabrese, Cecilia Annunziata, Anna Flora, Martina Mariniello, Domenica Francesca Allocca, Valentino Palma, Maria Ilaria Coppola, Antonietta Meoli, Ilernando Pafundi, Pia Clara Fiorentino, Giuseppe |
author_facet | Calabrese, Cecilia Annunziata, Anna Flora, Martina Mariniello, Domenica Francesca Allocca, Valentino Palma, Maria Ilaria Coppola, Antonietta Meoli, Ilernando Pafundi, Pia Clara Fiorentino, Giuseppe |
author_sort | Calabrese, Cecilia |
collection | PubMed |
description | Background: Previous studies have demonstrated persistent dyspnoea and impairment of respiratory function in the follow-up of patients who have recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia. However, no studies have evaluated the clinical and functional consequences of COVID-19 pneumonia complicated by pulmonary embolism. Objective: The aim of our study was to assess the pulmonary function and exercise capacity in COVID-19 patients 3 months after recovery from pneumonia, either complicated or not by pulmonary embolism. Methods: This was a retrospective, single-centre, observational study involving 68 adult COVID-19 patients with a positive/negative clinical history of pulmonary embolism (PE) as a complication of COVID-19 pneumonia. Three months after recovery all patients underwent spirometry, diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and 6 minute walk test (6MWT). In addition, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the lung was carried out and CT-pulmonary angiography was conducted only in the PE+ subgroup. Patients with a previous diagnosis of PE or chronic lung diseases were excluded from the study. Results: Of the 68 patients included in the study, 24 had previous PE (PE+) and 44 did not (PE−). In comparison with the PE− subgroup, PE+ patients displayed a FVC% predicted significantly lower (87.71 ± 15.40 vs 98.7 ± 16.7, p = 0.009) and a significantly lower DLCO% predicted (p = 0.023). In addition, a higher percentage of patients were dyspnoeic on exercise, as documented by a mMRC score ≥1 (75% vs 54.3%, p < 0.001) and displayed a SpO(2) <90% during 6MWT (37.5% vs 0%, p < 0.001). HRCT features suggestive of COVID-19 pneumonia resolution phase were present in both PE+ and PE− subjects without any significant difference (p = 0.24) and abnormalities at CT pulmonary angiography were detected in 57% of the PE+ subgroup. Conclusion: At the 3 month follow-up, the patients who recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia complicated by PE showed more dyspnoea and higher impairment of pulmonary function tests compared with those without PE. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8850371 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88503712022-02-18 Three Month Follow-Up of Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia Complicated by Pulmonary Embolism Calabrese, Cecilia Annunziata, Anna Flora, Martina Mariniello, Domenica Francesca Allocca, Valentino Palma, Maria Ilaria Coppola, Antonietta Meoli, Ilernando Pafundi, Pia Clara Fiorentino, Giuseppe Front Mol Biosci Molecular Biosciences Background: Previous studies have demonstrated persistent dyspnoea and impairment of respiratory function in the follow-up of patients who have recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia. However, no studies have evaluated the clinical and functional consequences of COVID-19 pneumonia complicated by pulmonary embolism. Objective: The aim of our study was to assess the pulmonary function and exercise capacity in COVID-19 patients 3 months after recovery from pneumonia, either complicated or not by pulmonary embolism. Methods: This was a retrospective, single-centre, observational study involving 68 adult COVID-19 patients with a positive/negative clinical history of pulmonary embolism (PE) as a complication of COVID-19 pneumonia. Three months after recovery all patients underwent spirometry, diffusion capacity of the lungs for carbon monoxide (DLCO), and 6 minute walk test (6MWT). In addition, high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) of the lung was carried out and CT-pulmonary angiography was conducted only in the PE+ subgroup. Patients with a previous diagnosis of PE or chronic lung diseases were excluded from the study. Results: Of the 68 patients included in the study, 24 had previous PE (PE+) and 44 did not (PE−). In comparison with the PE− subgroup, PE+ patients displayed a FVC% predicted significantly lower (87.71 ± 15.40 vs 98.7 ± 16.7, p = 0.009) and a significantly lower DLCO% predicted (p = 0.023). In addition, a higher percentage of patients were dyspnoeic on exercise, as documented by a mMRC score ≥1 (75% vs 54.3%, p < 0.001) and displayed a SpO(2) <90% during 6MWT (37.5% vs 0%, p < 0.001). HRCT features suggestive of COVID-19 pneumonia resolution phase were present in both PE+ and PE− subjects without any significant difference (p = 0.24) and abnormalities at CT pulmonary angiography were detected in 57% of the PE+ subgroup. Conclusion: At the 3 month follow-up, the patients who recovered from COVID-19 pneumonia complicated by PE showed more dyspnoea and higher impairment of pulmonary function tests compared with those without PE. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8850371/ /pubmed/35187074 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.809186 Text en Copyright © 2022 Calabrese, Annunziata, Flora, Mariniello, Allocca, Palma, Coppola, Meoli, Pafundi and Fiorentino. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Molecular Biosciences Calabrese, Cecilia Annunziata, Anna Flora, Martina Mariniello, Domenica Francesca Allocca, Valentino Palma, Maria Ilaria Coppola, Antonietta Meoli, Ilernando Pafundi, Pia Clara Fiorentino, Giuseppe Three Month Follow-Up of Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia Complicated by Pulmonary Embolism |
title | Three Month Follow-Up of Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia Complicated by Pulmonary Embolism |
title_full | Three Month Follow-Up of Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia Complicated by Pulmonary Embolism |
title_fullStr | Three Month Follow-Up of Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia Complicated by Pulmonary Embolism |
title_full_unstemmed | Three Month Follow-Up of Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia Complicated by Pulmonary Embolism |
title_short | Three Month Follow-Up of Patients With COVID-19 Pneumonia Complicated by Pulmonary Embolism |
title_sort | three month follow-up of patients with covid-19 pneumonia complicated by pulmonary embolism |
topic | Molecular Biosciences |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8850371/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35187074 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmolb.2021.809186 |
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