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Chronic cerebral aspects of long COVID, post‐stroke syndromes and similar states share their pathogenesis and perispinal etanercept treatment logic

The chronic neurological aspects of traumatic brain injury, post‐stroke syndromes, long COVID‐19, persistent Lyme disease, and influenza encephalopathy having close pathophysiological parallels that warrant being investigated in an integrated manner. A mechanism, common to all, for this persistence...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autor principal: Clark, Ian Albert
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8850677/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35174650
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prp2.926
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author Clark, Ian Albert
author_facet Clark, Ian Albert
author_sort Clark, Ian Albert
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description The chronic neurological aspects of traumatic brain injury, post‐stroke syndromes, long COVID‐19, persistent Lyme disease, and influenza encephalopathy having close pathophysiological parallels that warrant being investigated in an integrated manner. A mechanism, common to all, for this persistence of the range of symptoms common to these conditions is described. While TNF maintains cerebral homeostasis, its excessive production through either pathogen‐associated molecular patterns or damage‐associated molecular patterns activity associates with the persistence of the symptoms common across both infectious and non‐infectious conditions. The case is made that this shared chronicity arises from a positive feedback loop causing the persistence of the activation of microglia by the TNF that these cells generate. Lowering this excess TNF is the logical way to reducing this persistent, TNF‐maintained, microglial activation. While too large to negotiate the blood‐brain barrier effectively, the specific anti‐TNF biological, etanercept, shows promise when administered by the perispinal route, which allows it to bypass this obstruction.
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spelling pubmed-88506772022-02-25 Chronic cerebral aspects of long COVID, post‐stroke syndromes and similar states share their pathogenesis and perispinal etanercept treatment logic Clark, Ian Albert Pharmacol Res Perspect Review Articles The chronic neurological aspects of traumatic brain injury, post‐stroke syndromes, long COVID‐19, persistent Lyme disease, and influenza encephalopathy having close pathophysiological parallels that warrant being investigated in an integrated manner. A mechanism, common to all, for this persistence of the range of symptoms common to these conditions is described. While TNF maintains cerebral homeostasis, its excessive production through either pathogen‐associated molecular patterns or damage‐associated molecular patterns activity associates with the persistence of the symptoms common across both infectious and non‐infectious conditions. The case is made that this shared chronicity arises from a positive feedback loop causing the persistence of the activation of microglia by the TNF that these cells generate. Lowering this excess TNF is the logical way to reducing this persistent, TNF‐maintained, microglial activation. While too large to negotiate the blood‐brain barrier effectively, the specific anti‐TNF biological, etanercept, shows promise when administered by the perispinal route, which allows it to bypass this obstruction. John Wiley and Sons Inc. 2022-02-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8850677/ /pubmed/35174650 http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prp2.926 Text en © 2022 The Authors. Pharmacology Research & Perspectives published by British Pharmacological Society and American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and John Wiley & Sons Ltd. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.
spellingShingle Review Articles
Clark, Ian Albert
Chronic cerebral aspects of long COVID, post‐stroke syndromes and similar states share their pathogenesis and perispinal etanercept treatment logic
title Chronic cerebral aspects of long COVID, post‐stroke syndromes and similar states share their pathogenesis and perispinal etanercept treatment logic
title_full Chronic cerebral aspects of long COVID, post‐stroke syndromes and similar states share their pathogenesis and perispinal etanercept treatment logic
title_fullStr Chronic cerebral aspects of long COVID, post‐stroke syndromes and similar states share their pathogenesis and perispinal etanercept treatment logic
title_full_unstemmed Chronic cerebral aspects of long COVID, post‐stroke syndromes and similar states share their pathogenesis and perispinal etanercept treatment logic
title_short Chronic cerebral aspects of long COVID, post‐stroke syndromes and similar states share their pathogenesis and perispinal etanercept treatment logic
title_sort chronic cerebral aspects of long covid, post‐stroke syndromes and similar states share their pathogenesis and perispinal etanercept treatment logic
topic Review Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8850677/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35174650
http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/prp2.926
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