Solitary 15 cm splenic abscess successfully treated with percutaneous drainage

Splenic abscesses are rare, but can be life-threatening. Antibiotics, percutaneous drainage and splenectomy are the usual treatment options. However, there is no ideal algorithm for choosing among these options. A man in his 60 s presented with 10 days of left upper quadrant pain and abdominal distension. Computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen revealed a splenic abscess measuring 15 cm in diameter. Transesophageal echocardiography confirmed the diagnosis of infectious endocarditis. Ultrasound-guided percutaneous drainage was performed and Streptococcus anginosus grew in cultures of both blood and intrasplenic fluid. The patient was treated with intravenous antibiotics and continuous drainage for 8 weeks. The abscess cavity nearly disappeared on follow-up CT scan. Percutaneous drainage should be considered for a solitary unilocular splenic abscess even if the abscess is large.