Cargando…
Argan Oil: Chemical Composition, Extraction Process, and Quality Control
Argan oil is considered a relatively international product exported from Morocco, although different companies in Europe and North America distribute argan oil around the globe. Argan oil is non-refined vegetable oil, of the more well-known “virgin oil” type, is produced from the argan tree [Argania...
Autores principales: | , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8850956/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35187023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.804587 |
_version_ | 1784652721147609088 |
---|---|
author | Gharby, Said Charrouf, Zoubida |
author_facet | Gharby, Said Charrouf, Zoubida |
author_sort | Gharby, Said |
collection | PubMed |
description | Argan oil is considered a relatively international product exported from Morocco, although different companies in Europe and North America distribute argan oil around the globe. Argan oil is non-refined vegetable oil, of the more well-known “virgin oil” type, is produced from the argan tree [Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels]. The argan tree is deemed to be an important forest species from both social and economic standpoints. Argan oil has rapidly emerged as an important product able to bring more income to the local population. In addition, it also has important environmental implications, owing to its ability to stand against desert progression. Currently, argan oil is mainly produced by women's cooperatives in Morocco using a semi-industrial mechanical extraction process. This allows the production of high-quality argan oil. Depending on the method used to prepare argan kernels, two types of argan oil can be obtained: food or cosmetic grade. Cosmetic argan oil is prepared from unroasted kernels, whereas food argan oil is achieved by cold pressing kernels roasted for a few minutes. Previously, the same food argan oil was prepared exclusively by women according to a laborious ancestral process. Extraction technology has been evolved to obtain high-quality argan oil at a large scale. The extraction process and several accompanying parameters can influence the quality, stability, and purity of argan oil. In view of this, the present review discusses different aspects related to argan oil chemical composition along with its nutritional and cosmetic values. Similarly, it details different processes used to prepare argan oil, as well as its quality control, oxidative stability, and authenticity assessment. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8850956 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88509562022-02-18 Argan Oil: Chemical Composition, Extraction Process, and Quality Control Gharby, Said Charrouf, Zoubida Front Nutr Nutrition Argan oil is considered a relatively international product exported from Morocco, although different companies in Europe and North America distribute argan oil around the globe. Argan oil is non-refined vegetable oil, of the more well-known “virgin oil” type, is produced from the argan tree [Argania spinosa (L.) Skeels]. The argan tree is deemed to be an important forest species from both social and economic standpoints. Argan oil has rapidly emerged as an important product able to bring more income to the local population. In addition, it also has important environmental implications, owing to its ability to stand against desert progression. Currently, argan oil is mainly produced by women's cooperatives in Morocco using a semi-industrial mechanical extraction process. This allows the production of high-quality argan oil. Depending on the method used to prepare argan kernels, two types of argan oil can be obtained: food or cosmetic grade. Cosmetic argan oil is prepared from unroasted kernels, whereas food argan oil is achieved by cold pressing kernels roasted for a few minutes. Previously, the same food argan oil was prepared exclusively by women according to a laborious ancestral process. Extraction technology has been evolved to obtain high-quality argan oil at a large scale. The extraction process and several accompanying parameters can influence the quality, stability, and purity of argan oil. In view of this, the present review discusses different aspects related to argan oil chemical composition along with its nutritional and cosmetic values. Similarly, it details different processes used to prepare argan oil, as well as its quality control, oxidative stability, and authenticity assessment. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-03 /pmc/articles/PMC8850956/ /pubmed/35187023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.804587 Text en Copyright © 2022 Gharby and Charrouf. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Nutrition Gharby, Said Charrouf, Zoubida Argan Oil: Chemical Composition, Extraction Process, and Quality Control |
title | Argan Oil: Chemical Composition, Extraction Process, and Quality Control |
title_full | Argan Oil: Chemical Composition, Extraction Process, and Quality Control |
title_fullStr | Argan Oil: Chemical Composition, Extraction Process, and Quality Control |
title_full_unstemmed | Argan Oil: Chemical Composition, Extraction Process, and Quality Control |
title_short | Argan Oil: Chemical Composition, Extraction Process, and Quality Control |
title_sort | argan oil: chemical composition, extraction process, and quality control |
topic | Nutrition |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8850956/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35187023 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnut.2021.804587 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT gharbysaid arganoilchemicalcompositionextractionprocessandqualitycontrol AT charroufzoubida arganoilchemicalcompositionextractionprocessandqualitycontrol |