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When is Offspring Viability Fitness a Measure of Paternal Fitness and When is it not?

We use population genetics to model the evolution of a gene with an indirect effect owing to paternal care and with a second pleiotropic, direct effect on offspring viability. We use the model to illustrate how the common empirical practice of considering offspring viability as a component of parent...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Fitzpatrick, Courtney L, Wade, Michael J
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Oxford University Press 2021
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8851674/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34850026
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esab055
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author Fitzpatrick, Courtney L
Wade, Michael J
author_facet Fitzpatrick, Courtney L
Wade, Michael J
author_sort Fitzpatrick, Courtney L
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description We use population genetics to model the evolution of a gene with an indirect effect owing to paternal care and with a second pleiotropic, direct effect on offspring viability. We use the model to illustrate how the common empirical practice of considering offspring viability as a component of parent fitness can confound a gene’s direct and indirect fitness effects. We investigate when this confounding results in a distorted picture of overall evolution and when it does not. We find that the practice has no effect on mean fitness, W, but it does have an effect on the dynamics of gene frequency change, ∆q. We also find that, for some regions of parameter space associated with fitness trade-offs, the distortion is not only quantitative but also qualitative, obscuring the direction of gene frequency change. Because it affects the evolutionary dynamics, it also affects the expected amount of genetic variation at mutation-selection balance, an important consideration in molecular evolution. We discuss empirical techniques for separating direct from indirect effects and how field studies measuring the value of male paternal care might be improved by using them.
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spelling pubmed-88516742022-02-18 When is Offspring Viability Fitness a Measure of Paternal Fitness and When is it not? Fitzpatrick, Courtney L Wade, Michael J J Hered Symposium Articles We use population genetics to model the evolution of a gene with an indirect effect owing to paternal care and with a second pleiotropic, direct effect on offspring viability. We use the model to illustrate how the common empirical practice of considering offspring viability as a component of parent fitness can confound a gene’s direct and indirect fitness effects. We investigate when this confounding results in a distorted picture of overall evolution and when it does not. We find that the practice has no effect on mean fitness, W, but it does have an effect on the dynamics of gene frequency change, ∆q. We also find that, for some regions of parameter space associated with fitness trade-offs, the distortion is not only quantitative but also qualitative, obscuring the direction of gene frequency change. Because it affects the evolutionary dynamics, it also affects the expected amount of genetic variation at mutation-selection balance, an important consideration in molecular evolution. We discuss empirical techniques for separating direct from indirect effects and how field studies measuring the value of male paternal care might be improved by using them. Oxford University Press 2021-11-29 /pmc/articles/PMC8851674/ /pubmed/34850026 http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esab055 Text en © The American Genetic Association. 2021. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact journals.permissions@oup.com
spellingShingle Symposium Articles
Fitzpatrick, Courtney L
Wade, Michael J
When is Offspring Viability Fitness a Measure of Paternal Fitness and When is it not?
title When is Offspring Viability Fitness a Measure of Paternal Fitness and When is it not?
title_full When is Offspring Viability Fitness a Measure of Paternal Fitness and When is it not?
title_fullStr When is Offspring Viability Fitness a Measure of Paternal Fitness and When is it not?
title_full_unstemmed When is Offspring Viability Fitness a Measure of Paternal Fitness and When is it not?
title_short When is Offspring Viability Fitness a Measure of Paternal Fitness and When is it not?
title_sort when is offspring viability fitness a measure of paternal fitness and when is it not?
topic Symposium Articles
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8851674/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/34850026
http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jhered/esab055
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