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Molecular Data Reveal a Cryptic Diversity in the Genus Urotricha (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Prostomatida), a Key Player in Freshwater Lakes, With Remarks on Morphology, Food Preferences, and Distribution

Species of the ciliate genus Urotricha are key players in freshwater plankton communities. In the pelagial of lakes, about 20 urotrich species occur throughout an annual cycle, some of which play a pivotal role in aquatic food webs. For example, during the phytoplankton spring bloom, they consume a...

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Autores principales: Frantal, Daniela, Agatha, Sabine, Beisser, Daniela, Boenigk, Jens, Darienko, Tatyana, Dirren-Pitsch, Gianna, Filker, Sabine, Gruber, Michael, Kammerlander, Barbara, Nachbaur, Laura, Scheffel, Ulrike, Stoeck, Thorsten, Qian, Kuimei, Weißenbacher, Birgit, Pröschold, Thomas, Sonntag, Bettina
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8854374/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35185817
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.787290
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author Frantal, Daniela
Agatha, Sabine
Beisser, Daniela
Boenigk, Jens
Darienko, Tatyana
Dirren-Pitsch, Gianna
Filker, Sabine
Gruber, Michael
Kammerlander, Barbara
Nachbaur, Laura
Scheffel, Ulrike
Stoeck, Thorsten
Qian, Kuimei
Weißenbacher, Birgit
Pröschold, Thomas
Sonntag, Bettina
author_facet Frantal, Daniela
Agatha, Sabine
Beisser, Daniela
Boenigk, Jens
Darienko, Tatyana
Dirren-Pitsch, Gianna
Filker, Sabine
Gruber, Michael
Kammerlander, Barbara
Nachbaur, Laura
Scheffel, Ulrike
Stoeck, Thorsten
Qian, Kuimei
Weißenbacher, Birgit
Pröschold, Thomas
Sonntag, Bettina
author_sort Frantal, Daniela
collection PubMed
description Species of the ciliate genus Urotricha are key players in freshwater plankton communities. In the pelagial of lakes, about 20 urotrich species occur throughout an annual cycle, some of which play a pivotal role in aquatic food webs. For example, during the phytoplankton spring bloom, they consume a remarkable proportion of the algal production. In ecological studies, urotrich ciliates are usually merely identified to genus rank and grouped into size classes. This is unsatisfying considering the distinct autecological properties of individual species and their specific spatial and temporal distribution patterns. As a basis for future research, we characterized in detail four common urotrich morphotypes, i.e., specimens identified as U. furcata and tentatively as U. agilis, U. pseudofurcata, and U. castalia, using state-of-the-art methods. We used an integrative polyphasic approach, in which morphological studies (in vivo observation, silver staining methods, scanning electron microscopy) were linked with a molecular approach exploiting four different gene fragments as taxonomic DNA barcodes with different resolution potential (SSU rDNA, ITS-1, ITS-2, hypervariable V4 and V9 regions of the SSU rDNA). We shed light on the diversity of urotrich ciliates as well as on their global distribution patterns, and annual cycles. Additionally, we coupled individual species occurrences and environmental parameters, and subsequently modeled the distribution and occurrence, using logistic regressions. Furthermore, for one strain putatively identified as U. castalia, we ascertained the optimal cultivation media and food preferences. Thereby, our comprehensive view on these important freshwater ciliates that frequently occur in environmental high throughput sequencing datasets worldwide will allow future studies to better exploit protistan plankton data from lakes.
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spelling pubmed-88543742022-02-19 Molecular Data Reveal a Cryptic Diversity in the Genus Urotricha (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Prostomatida), a Key Player in Freshwater Lakes, With Remarks on Morphology, Food Preferences, and Distribution Frantal, Daniela Agatha, Sabine Beisser, Daniela Boenigk, Jens Darienko, Tatyana Dirren-Pitsch, Gianna Filker, Sabine Gruber, Michael Kammerlander, Barbara Nachbaur, Laura Scheffel, Ulrike Stoeck, Thorsten Qian, Kuimei Weißenbacher, Birgit Pröschold, Thomas Sonntag, Bettina Front Microbiol Microbiology Species of the ciliate genus Urotricha are key players in freshwater plankton communities. In the pelagial of lakes, about 20 urotrich species occur throughout an annual cycle, some of which play a pivotal role in aquatic food webs. For example, during the phytoplankton spring bloom, they consume a remarkable proportion of the algal production. In ecological studies, urotrich ciliates are usually merely identified to genus rank and grouped into size classes. This is unsatisfying considering the distinct autecological properties of individual species and their specific spatial and temporal distribution patterns. As a basis for future research, we characterized in detail four common urotrich morphotypes, i.e., specimens identified as U. furcata and tentatively as U. agilis, U. pseudofurcata, and U. castalia, using state-of-the-art methods. We used an integrative polyphasic approach, in which morphological studies (in vivo observation, silver staining methods, scanning electron microscopy) were linked with a molecular approach exploiting four different gene fragments as taxonomic DNA barcodes with different resolution potential (SSU rDNA, ITS-1, ITS-2, hypervariable V4 and V9 regions of the SSU rDNA). We shed light on the diversity of urotrich ciliates as well as on their global distribution patterns, and annual cycles. Additionally, we coupled individual species occurrences and environmental parameters, and subsequently modeled the distribution and occurrence, using logistic regressions. Furthermore, for one strain putatively identified as U. castalia, we ascertained the optimal cultivation media and food preferences. Thereby, our comprehensive view on these important freshwater ciliates that frequently occur in environmental high throughput sequencing datasets worldwide will allow future studies to better exploit protistan plankton data from lakes. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-04 /pmc/articles/PMC8854374/ /pubmed/35185817 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.787290 Text en Copyright © 2022 Frantal, Agatha, Beisser, Boenigk, Darienko, Dirren-Pitsch, Filker, Gruber, Kammerlander, Nachbaur, Scheffel, Stoeck, Qian, Weißenbacher, Pröschold and Sonntag. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Microbiology
Frantal, Daniela
Agatha, Sabine
Beisser, Daniela
Boenigk, Jens
Darienko, Tatyana
Dirren-Pitsch, Gianna
Filker, Sabine
Gruber, Michael
Kammerlander, Barbara
Nachbaur, Laura
Scheffel, Ulrike
Stoeck, Thorsten
Qian, Kuimei
Weißenbacher, Birgit
Pröschold, Thomas
Sonntag, Bettina
Molecular Data Reveal a Cryptic Diversity in the Genus Urotricha (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Prostomatida), a Key Player in Freshwater Lakes, With Remarks on Morphology, Food Preferences, and Distribution
title Molecular Data Reveal a Cryptic Diversity in the Genus Urotricha (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Prostomatida), a Key Player in Freshwater Lakes, With Remarks on Morphology, Food Preferences, and Distribution
title_full Molecular Data Reveal a Cryptic Diversity in the Genus Urotricha (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Prostomatida), a Key Player in Freshwater Lakes, With Remarks on Morphology, Food Preferences, and Distribution
title_fullStr Molecular Data Reveal a Cryptic Diversity in the Genus Urotricha (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Prostomatida), a Key Player in Freshwater Lakes, With Remarks on Morphology, Food Preferences, and Distribution
title_full_unstemmed Molecular Data Reveal a Cryptic Diversity in the Genus Urotricha (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Prostomatida), a Key Player in Freshwater Lakes, With Remarks on Morphology, Food Preferences, and Distribution
title_short Molecular Data Reveal a Cryptic Diversity in the Genus Urotricha (Alveolata, Ciliophora, Prostomatida), a Key Player in Freshwater Lakes, With Remarks on Morphology, Food Preferences, and Distribution
title_sort molecular data reveal a cryptic diversity in the genus urotricha (alveolata, ciliophora, prostomatida), a key player in freshwater lakes, with remarks on morphology, food preferences, and distribution
topic Microbiology
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8854374/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35185817
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.787290
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