A new technique to resolve Nasal Rhinosporidiosis: A case report with review of literature

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Rhinosporidiosis is a chronic, localized granulomatous infectious disease caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi that predominantly affects the mucosal membranes of the nose and nasopharynx, conjunctiva, and urethra. Rhinosporidium seeberi is a eukaryotic pathogen that spreads in certain geographical areas, particularly in tropical and subtropical areas, through aquatic exposure. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a young man who had been suffering from a right nasal mass for four months, and whose diagnosis was confirmed after surgical excision and histopathological examination, which revealed distinct pathognomonic findings. Laser-assisted endoscopic excision, in combination with Dapsone, is recommended as a more effective treatment to prevent a recurrence. CLINICAL DISCUSSION: For clinicians, it has been advised to obtain a detailed case history of exposure in patients diagnosed with Rhinosporidiosis. Rhinosporidiosis can be diagnosed with a simple examination of H&E-stained histopathological sections. Because chemotherapy has not been proven to be effective, Laser-assisted endoscopic excision, in combination with Dapsone is the recommended treatment for Rhinosporidiosis. CONCLUSION: One of the differential diagnoses for Rhinosporidiosis in the nasal cavity is masses or abnormal growths without bleeding, which should be kept in mind by clinicians and pathologists.