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Gender inequalities in the sale of handmade corn tortillas in central Mexican markets: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze gender inequalities and intersectionality experienced by rural-indigenous women who produce and sell native maize tortillas at three different markets-tianguis in central Mexico, facing the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This was a qualitative study...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
BioMed Central
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8857883/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42779-022-00119-6 |
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author | Cárdenas-Marcelo, Alma Lili Espinoza-Ortega, Angélica Vizcarra-Bordi, Ivonne |
author_facet | Cárdenas-Marcelo, Alma Lili Espinoza-Ortega, Angélica Vizcarra-Bordi, Ivonne |
author_sort | Cárdenas-Marcelo, Alma Lili |
collection | PubMed |
description | OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze gender inequalities and intersectionality experienced by rural-indigenous women who produce and sell native maize tortillas at three different markets-tianguis in central Mexico, facing the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This was a qualitative study based on 36 in-depth interviews before pandemic (2018), as well as 16 interviews during pandemic (2020) of women engaged in this work. RESULTS: Making corn tortillas by hand is one of the culturally assigned gender roles in the indigenous population of the Mazahua region, which is why their sale in local markets as a female strategy to have access to income for household sustenance has been widely by the communities. The configuration of the different market-space for the sale of handmade tortillas, reflects the inequalities of gender and intersectionality (ethnicity, class, age, family life cycle and education levels). The women in conditions of poverty, landlessness, and with school-age children, have met greater disadvantages in continuing to sell tortillas in the face of the experience of pandemic restrictions. CONCLUSIONS: The women who were already disadvantaged by their intersectional relationships continue to experience the same inequalities that conditioned their position in the marketplaces before the pandemic, sustaining a marginal but constant market. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8857883 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | BioMed Central |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88578832022-02-22 Gender inequalities in the sale of handmade corn tortillas in central Mexican markets: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic Cárdenas-Marcelo, Alma Lili Espinoza-Ortega, Angélica Vizcarra-Bordi, Ivonne J. Ethn. Food Original Article OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to analyze gender inequalities and intersectionality experienced by rural-indigenous women who produce and sell native maize tortillas at three different markets-tianguis in central Mexico, facing the COVID-19 pandemic. METHODS: This was a qualitative study based on 36 in-depth interviews before pandemic (2018), as well as 16 interviews during pandemic (2020) of women engaged in this work. RESULTS: Making corn tortillas by hand is one of the culturally assigned gender roles in the indigenous population of the Mazahua region, which is why their sale in local markets as a female strategy to have access to income for household sustenance has been widely by the communities. The configuration of the different market-space for the sale of handmade tortillas, reflects the inequalities of gender and intersectionality (ethnicity, class, age, family life cycle and education levels). The women in conditions of poverty, landlessness, and with school-age children, have met greater disadvantages in continuing to sell tortillas in the face of the experience of pandemic restrictions. CONCLUSIONS: The women who were already disadvantaged by their intersectional relationships continue to experience the same inequalities that conditioned their position in the marketplaces before the pandemic, sustaining a marginal but constant market. BioMed Central 2022-02-19 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8857883/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42779-022-00119-6 Text en © The Author(s) 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) . |
spellingShingle | Original Article Cárdenas-Marcelo, Alma Lili Espinoza-Ortega, Angélica Vizcarra-Bordi, Ivonne Gender inequalities in the sale of handmade corn tortillas in central Mexican markets: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic |
title | Gender inequalities in the sale of handmade corn tortillas in central Mexican markets: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic |
title_full | Gender inequalities in the sale of handmade corn tortillas in central Mexican markets: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic |
title_fullStr | Gender inequalities in the sale of handmade corn tortillas in central Mexican markets: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic |
title_full_unstemmed | Gender inequalities in the sale of handmade corn tortillas in central Mexican markets: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic |
title_short | Gender inequalities in the sale of handmade corn tortillas in central Mexican markets: before and during the COVID-19 pandemic |
title_sort | gender inequalities in the sale of handmade corn tortillas in central mexican markets: before and during the covid-19 pandemic |
topic | Original Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8857883/ http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/s42779-022-00119-6 |
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