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Repellency and toxicity of a CO(2)-derived cedarwood oil on hard tick species (Ixodidae)

The repellency and toxicity of a CO(2)-derived cedarwood oil (CWO) was evaluated against actively questing unfed nymphs of four species of hard ticks: Amblyomma americanum (L.), Dermacentor variabilis (Say), Ixodes scapularis Say, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille). Using a vertical climb bioa...

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Autores principales: Flor-Weiler, Lina B., Behle, Robert W., Eller, Fred J., Muturi, Ephantus J., Rooney, Alejandro P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Springer International Publishing 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8858296/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35076809
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10493-022-00692-0
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author Flor-Weiler, Lina B.
Behle, Robert W.
Eller, Fred J.
Muturi, Ephantus J.
Rooney, Alejandro P.
author_facet Flor-Weiler, Lina B.
Behle, Robert W.
Eller, Fred J.
Muturi, Ephantus J.
Rooney, Alejandro P.
author_sort Flor-Weiler, Lina B.
collection PubMed
description The repellency and toxicity of a CO(2)-derived cedarwood oil (CWO) was evaluated against actively questing unfed nymphs of four species of hard ticks: Amblyomma americanum (L.), Dermacentor variabilis (Say), Ixodes scapularis Say, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille). Using a vertical climb bioassay for repellency, nymphs of these species avoided a CWO-treated filter paper in proportional responses to treatment concentrations. At 60 min of exposure, I. scapularis nymphs were most sensitive with 50% repellency concentration (RC(50)) of 19.8 µg cm(−2), compared with RC(50) of 30.8, 83.8 and 89.6 µg cm(−2) for R. sanguineus, D. variabilis and A. americanum, respectively. Bioassays determined the lethal concentration for 50% (LC(50)) and 90% (LC(90)) mortality of nymphs exposed to CWO in treated vials after 24- and 48-h exposure. After 24 h exposure, the LC(50) values were 1.25, 3.45 and 1.42 µg cm(−2) and LC(90) values were 2.39, 7.59 and 4.14 µg cm(−2) for D. variabilis, I. scapularis and R. sanguineus, respectively, but had minimal effect on A. americanum. After 48 h exposure, the LC(50) values were 4.14, 0.78, 0.79 and 0.52 µg cm(−2), and LC(90) values were 8.06, 1.48, 1.54 and 1.22 µg cm(−2) for A. americanum, D. variabilis, I. scapularis and R. sanguineus, respectively. The repellency of CWO on tick species decreased with time. The repellency and toxicity bioassays demonstrated concentration-dependent responses of tick nymphs to the oil, indicating the potential of the CO(2)-derived cedarwood oil be developed as an eco-friendly repellent and/or acaricide.
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spelling pubmed-88582962022-02-23 Repellency and toxicity of a CO(2)-derived cedarwood oil on hard tick species (Ixodidae) Flor-Weiler, Lina B. Behle, Robert W. Eller, Fred J. Muturi, Ephantus J. Rooney, Alejandro P. Exp Appl Acarol Article The repellency and toxicity of a CO(2)-derived cedarwood oil (CWO) was evaluated against actively questing unfed nymphs of four species of hard ticks: Amblyomma americanum (L.), Dermacentor variabilis (Say), Ixodes scapularis Say, and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Latreille). Using a vertical climb bioassay for repellency, nymphs of these species avoided a CWO-treated filter paper in proportional responses to treatment concentrations. At 60 min of exposure, I. scapularis nymphs were most sensitive with 50% repellency concentration (RC(50)) of 19.8 µg cm(−2), compared with RC(50) of 30.8, 83.8 and 89.6 µg cm(−2) for R. sanguineus, D. variabilis and A. americanum, respectively. Bioassays determined the lethal concentration for 50% (LC(50)) and 90% (LC(90)) mortality of nymphs exposed to CWO in treated vials after 24- and 48-h exposure. After 24 h exposure, the LC(50) values were 1.25, 3.45 and 1.42 µg cm(−2) and LC(90) values were 2.39, 7.59 and 4.14 µg cm(−2) for D. variabilis, I. scapularis and R. sanguineus, respectively, but had minimal effect on A. americanum. After 48 h exposure, the LC(50) values were 4.14, 0.78, 0.79 and 0.52 µg cm(−2), and LC(90) values were 8.06, 1.48, 1.54 and 1.22 µg cm(−2) for A. americanum, D. variabilis, I. scapularis and R. sanguineus, respectively. The repellency of CWO on tick species decreased with time. The repellency and toxicity bioassays demonstrated concentration-dependent responses of tick nymphs to the oil, indicating the potential of the CO(2)-derived cedarwood oil be developed as an eco-friendly repellent and/or acaricide. Springer International Publishing 2022-01-25 2022 /pmc/articles/PMC8858296/ /pubmed/35076809 http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10493-022-00692-0 Text en © This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply 2022 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) .
spellingShingle Article
Flor-Weiler, Lina B.
Behle, Robert W.
Eller, Fred J.
Muturi, Ephantus J.
Rooney, Alejandro P.
Repellency and toxicity of a CO(2)-derived cedarwood oil on hard tick species (Ixodidae)
title Repellency and toxicity of a CO(2)-derived cedarwood oil on hard tick species (Ixodidae)
title_full Repellency and toxicity of a CO(2)-derived cedarwood oil on hard tick species (Ixodidae)
title_fullStr Repellency and toxicity of a CO(2)-derived cedarwood oil on hard tick species (Ixodidae)
title_full_unstemmed Repellency and toxicity of a CO(2)-derived cedarwood oil on hard tick species (Ixodidae)
title_short Repellency and toxicity of a CO(2)-derived cedarwood oil on hard tick species (Ixodidae)
title_sort repellency and toxicity of a co(2)-derived cedarwood oil on hard tick species (ixodidae)
topic Article
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8858296/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35076809
http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10493-022-00692-0
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