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Effects of Cognitive Reserve in Alzheimer’s Disease and Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals

The concept of cognitive reserve (CR) has been proposed as a protective factor that modifies the effect of brain pathology on cognitive performance. It has been characterized through CR proxies; however, they have intrinsic limitations. In this study, we utilized two different datasets containing ta...

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Autores principales: Lee, Dong Hyuk, Seo, Sang Won, Roh, Jee Hoon, Oh, Minyoung, Oh, Jungsu S., Oh, Seung Jun, Kim, Jae Seung, Jeong, Yong
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8859488/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35197838
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.784054
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author Lee, Dong Hyuk
Seo, Sang Won
Roh, Jee Hoon
Oh, Minyoung
Oh, Jungsu S.
Oh, Seung Jun
Kim, Jae Seung
Jeong, Yong
author_facet Lee, Dong Hyuk
Seo, Sang Won
Roh, Jee Hoon
Oh, Minyoung
Oh, Jungsu S.
Oh, Seung Jun
Kim, Jae Seung
Jeong, Yong
author_sort Lee, Dong Hyuk
collection PubMed
description The concept of cognitive reserve (CR) has been proposed as a protective factor that modifies the effect of brain pathology on cognitive performance. It has been characterized through CR proxies; however, they have intrinsic limitations. In this study, we utilized two different datasets containing tau, amyloid PET, and T1 magnetic resonance imaging. First, 91 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continuum subjects were included from Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 3. CR was conceptualized as the residual between actual cognition and estimated cognition based on amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration. The proposed marker was tested by the correlation with CR proxy and modulation of brain pathology effects on cognitive function. Second, longitudinal data of baseline 53 AD spectrum and 34 cognitively unimpaired (CU) participants in the MEMORI dataset were analyzed. CR marker was evaluated for the association with disease conversion rate and clinical progression. Applying our multimodal CR model, this study demonstrates the differential effect of CR on clinical progression according to the disease status and the modulating effect on the relationship between brain pathology and cognition. The proposed marker was associated with years of education and modulated the effect of pathological burden on cognitive performance in the AD spectrum. Longitudinally, higher CR marker was associated with lower disease conversion rate among prodromal AD and CU individuals. Higher CR marker was related to exacerbated cognitive decline in the AD spectrum; however, it was associated with a mitigated decline in CU individuals. These results provide evidence that CR may affect the clinical progression differentially depending on the disease status.
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spelling pubmed-88594882022-02-22 Effects of Cognitive Reserve in Alzheimer’s Disease and Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals Lee, Dong Hyuk Seo, Sang Won Roh, Jee Hoon Oh, Minyoung Oh, Jungsu S. Oh, Seung Jun Kim, Jae Seung Jeong, Yong Front Aging Neurosci Aging Neuroscience The concept of cognitive reserve (CR) has been proposed as a protective factor that modifies the effect of brain pathology on cognitive performance. It has been characterized through CR proxies; however, they have intrinsic limitations. In this study, we utilized two different datasets containing tau, amyloid PET, and T1 magnetic resonance imaging. First, 91 Alzheimer’s disease (AD) continuum subjects were included from Alzheimer’s Disease Neuroimaging Initiative 3. CR was conceptualized as the residual between actual cognition and estimated cognition based on amyloid, tau, and neurodegeneration. The proposed marker was tested by the correlation with CR proxy and modulation of brain pathology effects on cognitive function. Second, longitudinal data of baseline 53 AD spectrum and 34 cognitively unimpaired (CU) participants in the MEMORI dataset were analyzed. CR marker was evaluated for the association with disease conversion rate and clinical progression. Applying our multimodal CR model, this study demonstrates the differential effect of CR on clinical progression according to the disease status and the modulating effect on the relationship between brain pathology and cognition. The proposed marker was associated with years of education and modulated the effect of pathological burden on cognitive performance in the AD spectrum. Longitudinally, higher CR marker was associated with lower disease conversion rate among prodromal AD and CU individuals. Higher CR marker was related to exacerbated cognitive decline in the AD spectrum; however, it was associated with a mitigated decline in CU individuals. These results provide evidence that CR may affect the clinical progression differentially depending on the disease status. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-07 /pmc/articles/PMC8859488/ /pubmed/35197838 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.784054 Text en Copyright © 2022 Lee, Seo, Roh, Oh, Oh, Oh, Kim and Jeong. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Aging Neuroscience
Lee, Dong Hyuk
Seo, Sang Won
Roh, Jee Hoon
Oh, Minyoung
Oh, Jungsu S.
Oh, Seung Jun
Kim, Jae Seung
Jeong, Yong
Effects of Cognitive Reserve in Alzheimer’s Disease and Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals
title Effects of Cognitive Reserve in Alzheimer’s Disease and Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals
title_full Effects of Cognitive Reserve in Alzheimer’s Disease and Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals
title_fullStr Effects of Cognitive Reserve in Alzheimer’s Disease and Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals
title_full_unstemmed Effects of Cognitive Reserve in Alzheimer’s Disease and Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals
title_short Effects of Cognitive Reserve in Alzheimer’s Disease and Cognitively Unimpaired Individuals
title_sort effects of cognitive reserve in alzheimer’s disease and cognitively unimpaired individuals
topic Aging Neuroscience
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8859488/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35197838
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fnagi.2021.784054
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