Effect of phosphate and ammonium concentrations, total suspended solids and alkalinity on lignin-induced struvite precipitation

To solve the problems of eutrophication and resource crisis, the recovery of phosphorus by struvite (NH(4)MgPO(4)·6H(2)O) precipitation has become a focus of recent research. The feasibility of using Kraft lignin powder as a seed to promote struvite precipitation has been demonstrated in the previous study. In this study, the effect of lignin in promoting struvite precipitation in synthetic wastewater with different characteristics was investigated. Lignin-induced struvite crystallization was tested under various initial concentrations of PO(4)–P and NH(4)–N, total suspended solids (TSS) and alkalinity. At pH 7.9, the enhancement of PO(4)–P recovery remains around 45% under different PO(4)–P and NH(4)–N concentrations. Moreover, lignin is more effective under relatively lower alkalinity and still workable to reduce co-precipitates potential under higher alkalinity. Also, the effect of TSS on PO(4)–P recovery is not significant. Overall, the effect of lignin in promoting phosphorus recovery is relatively stable and can be used in synthetic wastewater with different characteristics.