Quantification of an oval optic disc in relation to myopic foveoschisis using swept-source optical coherence tomography

BACKGROUND: To investigate the relationship between an oval optic disc and the occurrence of myopic foveoschisis (MF) using swept-source optic coherence tomography (SS-OCT). METHODS: Fifty eyes of 25 patients with unilateral MF were included in this retrospective observational study. The biometric features of the optic disc and peripapillary structures were evaluated using SS-OCT. RESULTS: The ovality index (OI) of the optic disc was significantly smaller (P = 0.003) and the optic disc tilt angle was greater (P = 0.023) in the eyes with MF than in the contralateral eyes. The optic disc tilt angle was significantly correlated with the OI (P = 0.000). Generalized estimating equation (GEE) model (linear regression) demonstrated that spherical equivalent refraction (P = 0.001), narrow macular staphyloma (P = 0.001) and the occurrence of MF (P = 0.026) were the independent factors associated with the OI. Narrow macular staphyloma was more frequent (P = 0.020) and the staphyloma was deeper (P = 0.006) in eyes with MF. GEE model (logistic regression) revealed that narrow macular staphyloma was the only independent factor related to the occurrence of MF (P = 0.013). CONCLUSIONS: An oval optic disc in eyes with MF resulted from the increased tilt around the vertical disc axis. The optic disc tilt was related to narrow macular staphyloma, which was the only independent factor associated with the occurrence of MF. The clinical relevance needs further exploration through longitudinal analysis. SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION: The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s12886-022-02319-9.