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Current Perspectives on the Unique Roles of Exosomes in Drug Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma

As a common malignant tumor worldwide, the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unsatisfactory, even though treatment methods have improved. Despite the developments in traditional chemotherapy and emerging targeted immunotherapy, the problem of recurrence and metastasis of HCC and ad...

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Autores principales: Xue, Dongdong, Han, Jingzhao, Liang, Ze, Jia, Lin, Liu, Yifan, Tuo, Hongfang, Peng, Yanhui
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Dove 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8863332/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35211428
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JHC.S351038
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author Xue, Dongdong
Han, Jingzhao
Liang, Ze
Jia, Lin
Liu, Yifan
Tuo, Hongfang
Peng, Yanhui
author_facet Xue, Dongdong
Han, Jingzhao
Liang, Ze
Jia, Lin
Liu, Yifan
Tuo, Hongfang
Peng, Yanhui
author_sort Xue, Dongdong
collection PubMed
description As a common malignant tumor worldwide, the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unsatisfactory, even though treatment methods have improved. Despite the developments in traditional chemotherapy and emerging targeted immunotherapy, the problem of recurrence and metastasis of HCC and adverse effects on survival and prognosis are still serious. Drug resistance is a daunting challenge that impedes HCC treatment. Exosomes, a class of extracellular vesicles ranging in size from 30 to 100 nm, have been the focus of recent studies. Exosomes can activate various signaling pathways and regulate the tumor microenvironment with their cargo, which includes functional lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Thus, they change the phenotype of recipient cells via exosome-mediated communication. Exosomes secreted by tumors or stromal cells can also transfer drug-resistant traits to other tumor cells. However, their effects on drug resistance in HCC are not completely understood. In this review, we summarize and discuss the underlying relationship between exosomes and drug resistance in HCC. In addition, we also show that exosomes may act as candidate biomarkers for predicting and monitoring drug responses and as potential targets or vectors to reverse the drug resistance of HCC.
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spelling pubmed-88633322022-02-23 Current Perspectives on the Unique Roles of Exosomes in Drug Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma Xue, Dongdong Han, Jingzhao Liang, Ze Jia, Lin Liu, Yifan Tuo, Hongfang Peng, Yanhui J Hepatocell Carcinoma Review As a common malignant tumor worldwide, the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) remains unsatisfactory, even though treatment methods have improved. Despite the developments in traditional chemotherapy and emerging targeted immunotherapy, the problem of recurrence and metastasis of HCC and adverse effects on survival and prognosis are still serious. Drug resistance is a daunting challenge that impedes HCC treatment. Exosomes, a class of extracellular vesicles ranging in size from 30 to 100 nm, have been the focus of recent studies. Exosomes can activate various signaling pathways and regulate the tumor microenvironment with their cargo, which includes functional lipids, proteins, and nucleic acids. Thus, they change the phenotype of recipient cells via exosome-mediated communication. Exosomes secreted by tumors or stromal cells can also transfer drug-resistant traits to other tumor cells. However, their effects on drug resistance in HCC are not completely understood. In this review, we summarize and discuss the underlying relationship between exosomes and drug resistance in HCC. In addition, we also show that exosomes may act as candidate biomarkers for predicting and monitoring drug responses and as potential targets or vectors to reverse the drug resistance of HCC. Dove 2022-02-18 /pmc/articles/PMC8863332/ /pubmed/35211428 http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JHC.S351038 Text en © 2022 Xue et al. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/This work is published and licensed by Dove Medical Press Limited. The full terms of this license are available at https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php and incorporate the Creative Commons Attribution – Non Commercial (unported, v3.0) License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/3.0/) ). By accessing the work you hereby accept the Terms. Non-commercial uses of the work are permitted without any further permission from Dove Medical Press Limited, provided the work is properly attributed. For permission for commercial use of this work, please see paragraphs 4.2 and 5 of our Terms (https://www.dovepress.com/terms.php).
spellingShingle Review
Xue, Dongdong
Han, Jingzhao
Liang, Ze
Jia, Lin
Liu, Yifan
Tuo, Hongfang
Peng, Yanhui
Current Perspectives on the Unique Roles of Exosomes in Drug Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
title Current Perspectives on the Unique Roles of Exosomes in Drug Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
title_full Current Perspectives on the Unique Roles of Exosomes in Drug Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
title_fullStr Current Perspectives on the Unique Roles of Exosomes in Drug Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
title_full_unstemmed Current Perspectives on the Unique Roles of Exosomes in Drug Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
title_short Current Perspectives on the Unique Roles of Exosomes in Drug Resistance of Hepatocellular Carcinoma
title_sort current perspectives on the unique roles of exosomes in drug resistance of hepatocellular carcinoma
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8863332/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35211428
http://dx.doi.org/10.2147/JHC.S351038
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