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Chitin Triggers Tissue-Specific Immunity in Wheat Associated With Fusarium Head Blight

Fusarium graminearum is one of the primary causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) on wheat and barley. FHB reduces grain yield and contaminates grain with various mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol (DON). DON acts as a virulence factor to promote the fungus passing the rachis node and spreadi...

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Autores principales: Hao, Guixia, Tiley, Helene, McCormick, Susan
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8864176/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35222488
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.832502
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author Hao, Guixia
Tiley, Helene
McCormick, Susan
author_facet Hao, Guixia
Tiley, Helene
McCormick, Susan
author_sort Hao, Guixia
collection PubMed
description Fusarium graminearum is one of the primary causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) on wheat and barley. FHB reduces grain yield and contaminates grain with various mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol (DON). DON acts as a virulence factor to promote the fungus passing the rachis node and spreading throughout the head of wheat but not barley. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the earliest defense responses during plant and pathogen interactions. However, the complex roles of ROS during FHB development remain unclear. We investigated immune responses in wheat triggered by chitin, a major component of fungal cell walls. Although no ROS burst was detected in chitin-treated wheat leaves from eight tested varieties, a robust ROS peak was triggered by chitin in tested barley leaves. Interestingly, ROS were induced by chitin in wheat rachises and rachis nodes, which are critical barriers for FHB spread in wheat. We demonstrated that ROS were induced in wheat rachis nodes from both FHB susceptible and resistant wheat varieties. Further, we showed different defense gene expression patterns in rachis nodes and wheat heads treated with chitin, and wheat heads inoculated with F. graminearum. Our study showed the tissue-specific immune responses induced by chitin in wheat, which may play an important role during F. graminearum infection.
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spelling pubmed-88641762022-02-24 Chitin Triggers Tissue-Specific Immunity in Wheat Associated With Fusarium Head Blight Hao, Guixia Tiley, Helene McCormick, Susan Front Plant Sci Plant Science Fusarium graminearum is one of the primary causal agents of Fusarium head blight (FHB) on wheat and barley. FHB reduces grain yield and contaminates grain with various mycotoxins, including deoxynivalenol (DON). DON acts as a virulence factor to promote the fungus passing the rachis node and spreading throughout the head of wheat but not barley. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are one of the earliest defense responses during plant and pathogen interactions. However, the complex roles of ROS during FHB development remain unclear. We investigated immune responses in wheat triggered by chitin, a major component of fungal cell walls. Although no ROS burst was detected in chitin-treated wheat leaves from eight tested varieties, a robust ROS peak was triggered by chitin in tested barley leaves. Interestingly, ROS were induced by chitin in wheat rachises and rachis nodes, which are critical barriers for FHB spread in wheat. We demonstrated that ROS were induced in wheat rachis nodes from both FHB susceptible and resistant wheat varieties. Further, we showed different defense gene expression patterns in rachis nodes and wheat heads treated with chitin, and wheat heads inoculated with F. graminearum. Our study showed the tissue-specific immune responses induced by chitin in wheat, which may play an important role during F. graminearum infection. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-09 /pmc/articles/PMC8864176/ /pubmed/35222488 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.832502 Text en Copyright © 2022 Hao, Tiley and McCormick. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.
spellingShingle Plant Science
Hao, Guixia
Tiley, Helene
McCormick, Susan
Chitin Triggers Tissue-Specific Immunity in Wheat Associated With Fusarium Head Blight
title Chitin Triggers Tissue-Specific Immunity in Wheat Associated With Fusarium Head Blight
title_full Chitin Triggers Tissue-Specific Immunity in Wheat Associated With Fusarium Head Blight
title_fullStr Chitin Triggers Tissue-Specific Immunity in Wheat Associated With Fusarium Head Blight
title_full_unstemmed Chitin Triggers Tissue-Specific Immunity in Wheat Associated With Fusarium Head Blight
title_short Chitin Triggers Tissue-Specific Immunity in Wheat Associated With Fusarium Head Blight
title_sort chitin triggers tissue-specific immunity in wheat associated with fusarium head blight
topic Plant Science
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8864176/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35222488
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fpls.2022.832502
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