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Multipotent Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Interact and Support Islet of Langerhans Viability and Function

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a widespread disease, affecting approximately 41.5 million people worldwide. It is generally treated with exogenous insulin, maintaining physiological blood glucose levels but also leading to long-term therapeutic complications. Pancreatic islet cell transplantation offers a...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Koehler, Naomi, Buhler, Leo, Egger, Bernhard, Gonelle-Gispert, Carmen
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: Frontiers Media S.A. 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8864309/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35222280
http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2022.822191
Descripción
Sumario:Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a widespread disease, affecting approximately 41.5 million people worldwide. It is generally treated with exogenous insulin, maintaining physiological blood glucose levels but also leading to long-term therapeutic complications. Pancreatic islet cell transplantation offers a potential alternative treatment to insulin injections. Shortage of human organ donors has raised the interest for porcine islet xenotransplantation. Neonatal porcine islets are highly available, can proliferate and mature in vitro as well as after transplantation in vivo. Despite promising preclinical results, delayed insulin secretion caused by immaturity and immunogenicity of the neonatal porcine islets remains a challenge for their clinical application. Multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) are known to have pro-angiogenic, anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects. The current state of research emphasizes the great potential of co-culture and co-transplantation of islet cells with MSCs. Studies have shown enhanced islet proliferation and maturation, insulin secretion and graft survival, resulting in an improved graft outcome. This review summarizes the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of MSC in the context of islet transplantation.