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Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine availability on Streptococcus pneumoniae infections and genetic recombination in Zhejiang, China from 2009 to 2019
Pneumococcal pneumonia is one of the main reasons for child death worldwide. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are considered the most effective strategy for pneumococcal disease (PD) prevention, but how a pause in PCV vaccination affects the prevalence of PD or the genetic evolution of Strepto...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Taylor & Francis
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8865111/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35135440 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2040921 |
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author | Wu, Xueqing Zhao, Shanshan Jiang, Yan Xiang, Xi Ge, Lihong Chen, Qiong Wang, Yanfei Vidal, Jorge E. Yu, Yunsong |
author_facet | Wu, Xueqing Zhao, Shanshan Jiang, Yan Xiang, Xi Ge, Lihong Chen, Qiong Wang, Yanfei Vidal, Jorge E. Yu, Yunsong |
author_sort | Wu, Xueqing |
collection | PubMed |
description | Pneumococcal pneumonia is one of the main reasons for child death worldwide. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are considered the most effective strategy for pneumococcal disease (PD) prevention, but how a pause in PCV vaccination affects the prevalence of PD or the genetic evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae genetic evolution is unknown. Based on the unique PCV introduction timeline (vaccine unavailable during April 2015-April 2017) in China, we aimed to evaluate the effect of interrupted PCV availability on PD and pneumococcal genome variation. Pneumococcal isolates (n = 386) were collected retrospectively from eight sites in Zhejiang, China from 2009 to 2019 in which 184 pathogenic (isolates from sterile and infection sites) strains were identified. An interrupted time series analysis was conducted to estimate changes in PD and the recombination frequency of whole genome-sequenced strains was estimated via SNP calling. We found that both PD and pneumococcal genome variation were affected by interrupted PCV availability. The proportion (∼70%) of vaccine-type pneumococcal LRTI (VT-LRTI) in all LRTI cases decreased to ∼30% in the later PCV7 period and rebounded to ∼70% in children once PCV7 became unavailable in April 2015 (p = 0.0007). The major clone CC271 strains showed slowed (p = 0.0293) recombination frequency (decreased from 2.82 ± 1.16–0.72 ± 0.21) upon PCV removal. Our study illustrated for the first time that VT-LRTI fluctuated upon interrupted vaccine availability in China and causing a decreased of recombination frequency of vaccine types. Promoting a nationwide continuous vaccination programme and strengthening S. pneumoniae molecular epidemiology surveillance are essential for PD prevention. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8865111 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Taylor & Francis |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88651112022-02-24 Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine availability on Streptococcus pneumoniae infections and genetic recombination in Zhejiang, China from 2009 to 2019 Wu, Xueqing Zhao, Shanshan Jiang, Yan Xiang, Xi Ge, Lihong Chen, Qiong Wang, Yanfei Vidal, Jorge E. Yu, Yunsong Emerg Microbes Infect Research Article Pneumococcal pneumonia is one of the main reasons for child death worldwide. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) are considered the most effective strategy for pneumococcal disease (PD) prevention, but how a pause in PCV vaccination affects the prevalence of PD or the genetic evolution of Streptococcus pneumoniae genetic evolution is unknown. Based on the unique PCV introduction timeline (vaccine unavailable during April 2015-April 2017) in China, we aimed to evaluate the effect of interrupted PCV availability on PD and pneumococcal genome variation. Pneumococcal isolates (n = 386) were collected retrospectively from eight sites in Zhejiang, China from 2009 to 2019 in which 184 pathogenic (isolates from sterile and infection sites) strains were identified. An interrupted time series analysis was conducted to estimate changes in PD and the recombination frequency of whole genome-sequenced strains was estimated via SNP calling. We found that both PD and pneumococcal genome variation were affected by interrupted PCV availability. The proportion (∼70%) of vaccine-type pneumococcal LRTI (VT-LRTI) in all LRTI cases decreased to ∼30% in the later PCV7 period and rebounded to ∼70% in children once PCV7 became unavailable in April 2015 (p = 0.0007). The major clone CC271 strains showed slowed (p = 0.0293) recombination frequency (decreased from 2.82 ± 1.16–0.72 ± 0.21) upon PCV removal. Our study illustrated for the first time that VT-LRTI fluctuated upon interrupted vaccine availability in China and causing a decreased of recombination frequency of vaccine types. Promoting a nationwide continuous vaccination programme and strengthening S. pneumoniae molecular epidemiology surveillance are essential for PD prevention. Taylor & Francis 2022-02-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8865111/ /pubmed/35135440 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2040921 Text en © 2022 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) ), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Wu, Xueqing Zhao, Shanshan Jiang, Yan Xiang, Xi Ge, Lihong Chen, Qiong Wang, Yanfei Vidal, Jorge E. Yu, Yunsong Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine availability on Streptococcus pneumoniae infections and genetic recombination in Zhejiang, China from 2009 to 2019 |
title | Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine availability on Streptococcus pneumoniae infections and genetic recombination in Zhejiang, China from 2009 to 2019 |
title_full | Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine availability on Streptococcus pneumoniae infections and genetic recombination in Zhejiang, China from 2009 to 2019 |
title_fullStr | Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine availability on Streptococcus pneumoniae infections and genetic recombination in Zhejiang, China from 2009 to 2019 |
title_full_unstemmed | Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine availability on Streptococcus pneumoniae infections and genetic recombination in Zhejiang, China from 2009 to 2019 |
title_short | Effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine availability on Streptococcus pneumoniae infections and genetic recombination in Zhejiang, China from 2009 to 2019 |
title_sort | effect of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine availability on streptococcus pneumoniae infections and genetic recombination in zhejiang, china from 2009 to 2019 |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8865111/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35135440 http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/22221751.2022.2040921 |
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