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Scaling-up the delivery of dog vaccination campaigns against rabies in Tanzania
An increasing number of countries are committing to meet the global target to eliminate human deaths from dog-mediated rabies by 2030. Mass dog vaccination is central to this strategy. To interrupt rabies transmission from dogs to humans, the World Health Organization recommends that vaccination cam...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Public Library of Science
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8865671/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35143490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010124 |
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author | Sambo, Maganga Ferguson, Elaine A. Abela-Ridder, Bernadette Changalucha, Joel Cleaveland, Sarah Lushasi, Kennedy Mchau, Geofrey Joseph Nanai, Alphoncina Nonga, Hezron Steenson, Rachel Johnson, Paul CD Hampson, Katie |
author_facet | Sambo, Maganga Ferguson, Elaine A. Abela-Ridder, Bernadette Changalucha, Joel Cleaveland, Sarah Lushasi, Kennedy Mchau, Geofrey Joseph Nanai, Alphoncina Nonga, Hezron Steenson, Rachel Johnson, Paul CD Hampson, Katie |
author_sort | Sambo, Maganga |
collection | PubMed |
description | An increasing number of countries are committing to meet the global target to eliminate human deaths from dog-mediated rabies by 2030. Mass dog vaccination is central to this strategy. To interrupt rabies transmission from dogs to humans, the World Health Organization recommends that vaccination campaigns should be carried out every year in all dog-owning communities vaccinating 70% of their susceptible dogs. Monitoring and evaluation of dog vaccination campaigns are needed to measure progress towards elimination. In this study, we measured the delivery performance of large-scale vaccination campaigns implemented in 25 districts in south-east Tanzania from 2010 until 2017. We used regression modelling to infer the factors associated with, and potentially influencing the successful delivery of vaccination campaigns. During 2010–2017, five rounds of vaccination campaigns were carried out, vaccinating in total 349,513 dogs in 2,066 administrative vaccination units (rural villages or urban wards). Progressively more dogs were vaccinated over the successive campaigns. The campaigns did not reach all vaccination units each year, with only 16–28% of districts achieving 100% campaign completeness (where all units were vaccinated). During 2013–2017 when vaccination coverage was monitored, approximately 20% of vaccination units achieved the recommended 70% coverage, with average coverage around 50%. Campaigns were also not completed at annual intervals, with the longest interval between campaigns being 27 months. Our analysis revealed that districts with higher budgets generally achieved higher completeness, with a twofold difference in district budget increasing the odds of a vaccination unit being reached by a campaign by slightly more than twofold (OR: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.69–3.09). However, higher budgets did not necessarily result in higher coverage within vaccination units that were reached. We recommend national programs regularly monitor and evaluate the performance of their vaccination campaigns, so as to identify factors hindering their effective delivery and to guide remedial action. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8865671 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Public Library of Science |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88656712022-02-24 Scaling-up the delivery of dog vaccination campaigns against rabies in Tanzania Sambo, Maganga Ferguson, Elaine A. Abela-Ridder, Bernadette Changalucha, Joel Cleaveland, Sarah Lushasi, Kennedy Mchau, Geofrey Joseph Nanai, Alphoncina Nonga, Hezron Steenson, Rachel Johnson, Paul CD Hampson, Katie PLoS Negl Trop Dis Research Article An increasing number of countries are committing to meet the global target to eliminate human deaths from dog-mediated rabies by 2030. Mass dog vaccination is central to this strategy. To interrupt rabies transmission from dogs to humans, the World Health Organization recommends that vaccination campaigns should be carried out every year in all dog-owning communities vaccinating 70% of their susceptible dogs. Monitoring and evaluation of dog vaccination campaigns are needed to measure progress towards elimination. In this study, we measured the delivery performance of large-scale vaccination campaigns implemented in 25 districts in south-east Tanzania from 2010 until 2017. We used regression modelling to infer the factors associated with, and potentially influencing the successful delivery of vaccination campaigns. During 2010–2017, five rounds of vaccination campaigns were carried out, vaccinating in total 349,513 dogs in 2,066 administrative vaccination units (rural villages or urban wards). Progressively more dogs were vaccinated over the successive campaigns. The campaigns did not reach all vaccination units each year, with only 16–28% of districts achieving 100% campaign completeness (where all units were vaccinated). During 2013–2017 when vaccination coverage was monitored, approximately 20% of vaccination units achieved the recommended 70% coverage, with average coverage around 50%. Campaigns were also not completed at annual intervals, with the longest interval between campaigns being 27 months. Our analysis revealed that districts with higher budgets generally achieved higher completeness, with a twofold difference in district budget increasing the odds of a vaccination unit being reached by a campaign by slightly more than twofold (OR: 2.29; 95% CI: 1.69–3.09). However, higher budgets did not necessarily result in higher coverage within vaccination units that were reached. We recommend national programs regularly monitor and evaluate the performance of their vaccination campaigns, so as to identify factors hindering their effective delivery and to guide remedial action. Public Library of Science 2022-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8865671/ /pubmed/35143490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010124 Text en © 2022 Sambo et al https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) , which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
spellingShingle | Research Article Sambo, Maganga Ferguson, Elaine A. Abela-Ridder, Bernadette Changalucha, Joel Cleaveland, Sarah Lushasi, Kennedy Mchau, Geofrey Joseph Nanai, Alphoncina Nonga, Hezron Steenson, Rachel Johnson, Paul CD Hampson, Katie Scaling-up the delivery of dog vaccination campaigns against rabies in Tanzania |
title | Scaling-up the delivery of dog vaccination campaigns against rabies in Tanzania |
title_full | Scaling-up the delivery of dog vaccination campaigns against rabies in Tanzania |
title_fullStr | Scaling-up the delivery of dog vaccination campaigns against rabies in Tanzania |
title_full_unstemmed | Scaling-up the delivery of dog vaccination campaigns against rabies in Tanzania |
title_short | Scaling-up the delivery of dog vaccination campaigns against rabies in Tanzania |
title_sort | scaling-up the delivery of dog vaccination campaigns against rabies in tanzania |
topic | Research Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8865671/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35143490 http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0010124 |
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