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A global survey in the developmental landscape of possible vaccination strategies for COVID-19
The development of COVID-19 vaccines was promptly regulated to ensure the best possible approach. By January 2022, 75 candidates reached preclinical evaluation in various animal models, 114 vaccines were in clinical trials on humans, and 48 were in the final testing stages. Vaccine platforms range f...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
Published by Elsevier Inc.
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8865932/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35218966 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2022.108958 |
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author | Gasmi, Amin Srinath, Shvetha Dadar, Maryam Pivina, Lyudmila Menzel, Alain Gasmi Benahmed, Asma Chirumbolo, Salvatore Bjørklund, Geir |
author_facet | Gasmi, Amin Srinath, Shvetha Dadar, Maryam Pivina, Lyudmila Menzel, Alain Gasmi Benahmed, Asma Chirumbolo, Salvatore Bjørklund, Geir |
author_sort | Gasmi, Amin |
collection | PubMed |
description | The development of COVID-19 vaccines was promptly regulated to ensure the best possible approach. By January 2022, 75 candidates reached preclinical evaluation in various animal models, 114 vaccines were in clinical trials on humans, and 48 were in the final testing stages. Vaccine platforms range from whole virus vaccines to nucleic acid vaccines, which are the most promising in prompt availability and safety. The USA and Europe have approved vaccines developed by Pfizer–BioNTech (BNT162b2) and Moderna (mRNa1273). So far, Pfizer–BioNTech, Moderna, Johnson & Johnson, AstraZeneca–University of Oxford, Sinopharm, Sinovac Biotech Gamaleya, Bharat Biotech, and Novavax have documented effective vaccines. Even with technological advances and a fast-paced development approach, many limitations and problems need to be overcome before a large-scale production of new vaccines can start. The Key is to ensure equal and fair distribution globally through regulatory measures. Recent studies link Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination programs and lower disease severity. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8865932 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Published by Elsevier Inc. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88659322022-02-24 A global survey in the developmental landscape of possible vaccination strategies for COVID-19 Gasmi, Amin Srinath, Shvetha Dadar, Maryam Pivina, Lyudmila Menzel, Alain Gasmi Benahmed, Asma Chirumbolo, Salvatore Bjørklund, Geir Clin Immunol Review Article The development of COVID-19 vaccines was promptly regulated to ensure the best possible approach. By January 2022, 75 candidates reached preclinical evaluation in various animal models, 114 vaccines were in clinical trials on humans, and 48 were in the final testing stages. Vaccine platforms range from whole virus vaccines to nucleic acid vaccines, which are the most promising in prompt availability and safety. The USA and Europe have approved vaccines developed by Pfizer–BioNTech (BNT162b2) and Moderna (mRNa1273). So far, Pfizer–BioNTech, Moderna, Johnson & Johnson, AstraZeneca–University of Oxford, Sinopharm, Sinovac Biotech Gamaleya, Bharat Biotech, and Novavax have documented effective vaccines. Even with technological advances and a fast-paced development approach, many limitations and problems need to be overcome before a large-scale production of new vaccines can start. The Key is to ensure equal and fair distribution globally through regulatory measures. Recent studies link Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccination programs and lower disease severity. Published by Elsevier Inc. 2022-04 2022-02-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8865932/ /pubmed/35218966 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2022.108958 Text en © 2022 Published by Elsevier Inc. Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active. |
spellingShingle | Review Article Gasmi, Amin Srinath, Shvetha Dadar, Maryam Pivina, Lyudmila Menzel, Alain Gasmi Benahmed, Asma Chirumbolo, Salvatore Bjørklund, Geir A global survey in the developmental landscape of possible vaccination strategies for COVID-19 |
title | A global survey in the developmental landscape of possible vaccination strategies for COVID-19 |
title_full | A global survey in the developmental landscape of possible vaccination strategies for COVID-19 |
title_fullStr | A global survey in the developmental landscape of possible vaccination strategies for COVID-19 |
title_full_unstemmed | A global survey in the developmental landscape of possible vaccination strategies for COVID-19 |
title_short | A global survey in the developmental landscape of possible vaccination strategies for COVID-19 |
title_sort | global survey in the developmental landscape of possible vaccination strategies for covid-19 |
topic | Review Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8865932/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35218966 http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.clim.2022.108958 |
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