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Molecular and Epidemiological Characterization of Emerging Immune-Escape Variants of SARS-CoV-2
The successive emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has presented a major challenge in the management of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. There are growing concerns regarding the emerging variants escaping vaccines or therapeutic neutralizing...
Autores principales: | , , , , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022
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Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8866700/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35223905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.811004 |
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author | Miyakawa, Kei Jeremiah, Sundararaj Stanleyraj Yamaoka, Yutaro Koyama, Takahiko Tokumasu, Reitaro Kudo, Michiharu Kato, Hideaki Ryo, Akihide |
author_facet | Miyakawa, Kei Jeremiah, Sundararaj Stanleyraj Yamaoka, Yutaro Koyama, Takahiko Tokumasu, Reitaro Kudo, Michiharu Kato, Hideaki Ryo, Akihide |
author_sort | Miyakawa, Kei |
collection | PubMed |
description | The successive emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has presented a major challenge in the management of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. There are growing concerns regarding the emerging variants escaping vaccines or therapeutic neutralizing antibodies. In this study, we conducted an epidemiological survey to identify SARS-CoV-2 variants that are sporadically proliferating in vaccine-advanced countries. Subsequently, we created HiBiT-tagged virus-like particles displaying spike proteins derived from the variants to analyze the neutralizing efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine and several therapeutic antibodies. We found that the Mu variant and a derivative of the Delta strain with E484K and N501Y mutations significantly evaded vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies. This trend was also observed in the Beta and Gamma variants, although they are currently not prevalent. Although 95.2% of the vaccinees exhibited prominent neutralizing activity against the prototype strain, only 73.8 and 78.6% of the vaccinees exhibited neutralizing activity against the Mu and the Delta derivative variants, respectively. A long-term analysis showed that 88.8% of the vaccinees initially exhibited strong neutralizing activity against the currently circulating Delta strain; the number decreased to 31.6% for the individuals at 6 months after vaccination. Notably, these variants were shown to be resistant to several therapeutic antibodies. Our findings demonstrate the differential neutralization efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine and monoclonal antibodies against circulating variants, suggesting the need for pandemic alerts and booster vaccinations against the currently prevalent variants. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8866700 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88667002022-02-25 Molecular and Epidemiological Characterization of Emerging Immune-Escape Variants of SARS-CoV-2 Miyakawa, Kei Jeremiah, Sundararaj Stanleyraj Yamaoka, Yutaro Koyama, Takahiko Tokumasu, Reitaro Kudo, Michiharu Kato, Hideaki Ryo, Akihide Front Med (Lausanne) Medicine The successive emergence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants has presented a major challenge in the management of the coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic. There are growing concerns regarding the emerging variants escaping vaccines or therapeutic neutralizing antibodies. In this study, we conducted an epidemiological survey to identify SARS-CoV-2 variants that are sporadically proliferating in vaccine-advanced countries. Subsequently, we created HiBiT-tagged virus-like particles displaying spike proteins derived from the variants to analyze the neutralizing efficacy of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine and several therapeutic antibodies. We found that the Mu variant and a derivative of the Delta strain with E484K and N501Y mutations significantly evaded vaccine-elicited neutralizing antibodies. This trend was also observed in the Beta and Gamma variants, although they are currently not prevalent. Although 95.2% of the vaccinees exhibited prominent neutralizing activity against the prototype strain, only 73.8 and 78.6% of the vaccinees exhibited neutralizing activity against the Mu and the Delta derivative variants, respectively. A long-term analysis showed that 88.8% of the vaccinees initially exhibited strong neutralizing activity against the currently circulating Delta strain; the number decreased to 31.6% for the individuals at 6 months after vaccination. Notably, these variants were shown to be resistant to several therapeutic antibodies. Our findings demonstrate the differential neutralization efficacy of the COVID-19 vaccine and monoclonal antibodies against circulating variants, suggesting the need for pandemic alerts and booster vaccinations against the currently prevalent variants. Frontiers Media S.A. 2022-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8866700/ /pubmed/35223905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.811004 Text en Copyright © 2022 Miyakawa, Jeremiah, Yamaoka, Koyama, Tokumasu, Kudo, Kato and Ryo. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms. |
spellingShingle | Medicine Miyakawa, Kei Jeremiah, Sundararaj Stanleyraj Yamaoka, Yutaro Koyama, Takahiko Tokumasu, Reitaro Kudo, Michiharu Kato, Hideaki Ryo, Akihide Molecular and Epidemiological Characterization of Emerging Immune-Escape Variants of SARS-CoV-2 |
title | Molecular and Epidemiological Characterization of Emerging Immune-Escape Variants of SARS-CoV-2 |
title_full | Molecular and Epidemiological Characterization of Emerging Immune-Escape Variants of SARS-CoV-2 |
title_fullStr | Molecular and Epidemiological Characterization of Emerging Immune-Escape Variants of SARS-CoV-2 |
title_full_unstemmed | Molecular and Epidemiological Characterization of Emerging Immune-Escape Variants of SARS-CoV-2 |
title_short | Molecular and Epidemiological Characterization of Emerging Immune-Escape Variants of SARS-CoV-2 |
title_sort | molecular and epidemiological characterization of emerging immune-escape variants of sars-cov-2 |
topic | Medicine |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8866700/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35223905 http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/fmed.2022.811004 |
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