Enhancement of Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb Phytochemical Dissolution via Micronization Using a Supercritical Antisolvent Technique

[Image: see text] Fine particles comprising Curcuma xanthorrhiza Roxb (C. xanthorrhiza) rhizome extract were successfully generated using a supercritical carbon dioxide (SCCO(2)) antisolvent technique. The SCCO(2) antisolvent process was performed at 40 °C with 8–16 MPa operating pressures. The CO(2) and feed solution flow rates were 15 and 0.25 mL min(–1), respectively. The mixture of C. xanthorrhiza rhizome extract and a polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) polymer in acetone–ethanol was used as a feed solution. The collected particle products seemed to possess spherical and spherical-like morphologies with a diameter of less than 500 nm. The infrared spectroscopy analysis showed that the structural properties of C. xanthorrhiza rhizome extract did not change after treatment with the SCCO(2) antisolvent. Furthermore, the addition of the PVP polymer in the C. xanthorrhiza rhizome extract particle products may improve their dissolution significantly in an aqueous solution medium.