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The Cyclic Nitroxide TEMPOL Ameliorates Oxidative Stress but Not Inflammation in a Cell Model of Parkinson’s Disease
The cyclic nitroxide TEMPOL exerts anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and thus may provide therapeutic benefit in Parkinson’s disease (PD), in which mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative damage and inflammation have been implicated as pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the selective...
Autores principales: | , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8868255/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35204139 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11020257 |
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author | Leathem, Alexander Simone, Martin Dennis, Joanne M. Witting, Paul K. |
author_facet | Leathem, Alexander Simone, Martin Dennis, Joanne M. Witting, Paul K. |
author_sort | Leathem, Alexander |
collection | PubMed |
description | The cyclic nitroxide TEMPOL exerts anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and thus may provide therapeutic benefit in Parkinson’s disease (PD), in which mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative damage and inflammation have been implicated as pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons. Markers of oxidative stress and inflammation were investigated in a cell model of differentiated human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells treated with the neurotoxin, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Treatment with TEMPOL ameliorated 6-OHDA-mediated cytotoxicity and attenuated biomarkers of oxidative stress including: mitochondrial superoxide anion free radical production, lipid peroxidation, induction of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) protein expression and NFκB activation. Treatment with TEMPOL abated decreased gene expression of DRD2S and DRD2L induced by 6-OHDA indicating that TEMPOL may prevent mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of pathways that result in receptor desensitization. 6-OHDA insult decreased gene expression of the antioxidant, SOD-1, and this diminution was also mitigated by TEMPOL. Activation of NFκB increased pro-inflammatory IFNy and decreased IL-6, however, TEMPOL had no effect on these inflammation mediators. Overall, this data suggests that cyclic nitroxides may preserve dopaminergic neuronal cell viability by attenuating oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, but are unable to affect inflammatory mediators that propagate cellular damage and neurodegeneration in PD. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8868255 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88682552022-02-25 The Cyclic Nitroxide TEMPOL Ameliorates Oxidative Stress but Not Inflammation in a Cell Model of Parkinson’s Disease Leathem, Alexander Simone, Martin Dennis, Joanne M. Witting, Paul K. Antioxidants (Basel) Article The cyclic nitroxide TEMPOL exerts anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory effects, and thus may provide therapeutic benefit in Parkinson’s disease (PD), in which mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative damage and inflammation have been implicated as pathophysiological mechanisms underlying the selective loss of dopaminergic neurons. Markers of oxidative stress and inflammation were investigated in a cell model of differentiated human neuroblastoma (SH-SY5Y) cells treated with the neurotoxin, 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Treatment with TEMPOL ameliorated 6-OHDA-mediated cytotoxicity and attenuated biomarkers of oxidative stress including: mitochondrial superoxide anion free radical production, lipid peroxidation, induction of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) protein expression and NFκB activation. Treatment with TEMPOL abated decreased gene expression of DRD2S and DRD2L induced by 6-OHDA indicating that TEMPOL may prevent mitochondrial dysfunction and activation of pathways that result in receptor desensitization. 6-OHDA insult decreased gene expression of the antioxidant, SOD-1, and this diminution was also mitigated by TEMPOL. Activation of NFκB increased pro-inflammatory IFNy and decreased IL-6, however, TEMPOL had no effect on these inflammation mediators. Overall, this data suggests that cyclic nitroxides may preserve dopaminergic neuronal cell viability by attenuating oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction, but are unable to affect inflammatory mediators that propagate cellular damage and neurodegeneration in PD. MDPI 2022-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8868255/ /pubmed/35204139 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11020257 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Article Leathem, Alexander Simone, Martin Dennis, Joanne M. Witting, Paul K. The Cyclic Nitroxide TEMPOL Ameliorates Oxidative Stress but Not Inflammation in a Cell Model of Parkinson’s Disease |
title | The Cyclic Nitroxide TEMPOL Ameliorates Oxidative Stress but Not Inflammation in a Cell Model of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full | The Cyclic Nitroxide TEMPOL Ameliorates Oxidative Stress but Not Inflammation in a Cell Model of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_fullStr | The Cyclic Nitroxide TEMPOL Ameliorates Oxidative Stress but Not Inflammation in a Cell Model of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_full_unstemmed | The Cyclic Nitroxide TEMPOL Ameliorates Oxidative Stress but Not Inflammation in a Cell Model of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_short | The Cyclic Nitroxide TEMPOL Ameliorates Oxidative Stress but Not Inflammation in a Cell Model of Parkinson’s Disease |
title_sort | cyclic nitroxide tempol ameliorates oxidative stress but not inflammation in a cell model of parkinson’s disease |
topic | Article |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8868255/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35204139 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antiox11020257 |
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