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Efficacy of Vancomycin and Meropenem in Central Nervous System Infections in Children and Adults: Current Update
The current antimicrobial therapy of bacterial infections of the central nervous system (CNS) in adults and pediatric patients is faced with many pitfalls as the drugs have to reach necessary levels in serum and cross the blood-brain barrier. Furthermore, several studies report that different factor...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8868565/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35203776 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11020173 |
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author | Schneider, Franziska Gessner, André El-Najjar, Nahed |
author_facet | Schneider, Franziska Gessner, André El-Najjar, Nahed |
author_sort | Schneider, Franziska |
collection | PubMed |
description | The current antimicrobial therapy of bacterial infections of the central nervous system (CNS) in adults and pediatric patients is faced with many pitfalls as the drugs have to reach necessary levels in serum and cross the blood-brain barrier. Furthermore, several studies report that different factors such as the structure of the antimicrobial agent, the severity of disease, or the degree of inflammation play a significant role. Despite the available attempts to establish pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling to improve the required dosing regimen for adults and pediatric patients, conclusive recommendations for the best therapeutic strategies are still lacking. For instance, bacterial meningitis, the most common CNS infections, and ventriculitis, a severe complication of meningitis, are still associated with 10% and 30% mortality, respectively. Several studies report on the use of vancomycin and meropenem to manage meningitis and ventriculitis; therefore, this review aims to shed light on the current knowledge about their use in adults and pediatric patients. Consequently, studies published from 2015 until mid-July 2021 are included, and data about the study population, levels of drugs in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and measured PK data in serum and CSF are provided. The overall aim is to provide the readers a recent reference that summarizes the pitfalls and success of the current therapy and emphasizes the importance of performing more studies to improve the clinical outcome of the current therapeutical approach. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8868565 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88685652022-02-25 Efficacy of Vancomycin and Meropenem in Central Nervous System Infections in Children and Adults: Current Update Schneider, Franziska Gessner, André El-Najjar, Nahed Antibiotics (Basel) Review The current antimicrobial therapy of bacterial infections of the central nervous system (CNS) in adults and pediatric patients is faced with many pitfalls as the drugs have to reach necessary levels in serum and cross the blood-brain barrier. Furthermore, several studies report that different factors such as the structure of the antimicrobial agent, the severity of disease, or the degree of inflammation play a significant role. Despite the available attempts to establish pharmacokinetic (PK) modeling to improve the required dosing regimen for adults and pediatric patients, conclusive recommendations for the best therapeutic strategies are still lacking. For instance, bacterial meningitis, the most common CNS infections, and ventriculitis, a severe complication of meningitis, are still associated with 10% and 30% mortality, respectively. Several studies report on the use of vancomycin and meropenem to manage meningitis and ventriculitis; therefore, this review aims to shed light on the current knowledge about their use in adults and pediatric patients. Consequently, studies published from 2015 until mid-July 2021 are included, and data about the study population, levels of drugs in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and measured PK data in serum and CSF are provided. The overall aim is to provide the readers a recent reference that summarizes the pitfalls and success of the current therapy and emphasizes the importance of performing more studies to improve the clinical outcome of the current therapeutical approach. MDPI 2022-01-28 /pmc/articles/PMC8868565/ /pubmed/35203776 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11020173 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Schneider, Franziska Gessner, André El-Najjar, Nahed Efficacy of Vancomycin and Meropenem in Central Nervous System Infections in Children and Adults: Current Update |
title | Efficacy of Vancomycin and Meropenem in Central Nervous System Infections in Children and Adults: Current Update |
title_full | Efficacy of Vancomycin and Meropenem in Central Nervous System Infections in Children and Adults: Current Update |
title_fullStr | Efficacy of Vancomycin and Meropenem in Central Nervous System Infections in Children and Adults: Current Update |
title_full_unstemmed | Efficacy of Vancomycin and Meropenem in Central Nervous System Infections in Children and Adults: Current Update |
title_short | Efficacy of Vancomycin and Meropenem in Central Nervous System Infections in Children and Adults: Current Update |
title_sort | efficacy of vancomycin and meropenem in central nervous system infections in children and adults: current update |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8868565/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35203776 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/antibiotics11020173 |
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