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Hypercoagulability in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Causes and Consequences

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and it is anticipated that it could become even more prevalent in parallel with an increase in the incidence of metabolic diseases closely related to NAFLD, such as obesity, type II diabetes, dyslipidemia, and arteri...

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Autores principales: Tripodi, Armando, Lombardi, Rosa, Primignani, Massimo, La Mura, Vincenzo, Peyvandi, Flora, Fracanzani, Anna L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8869363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35203457
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10020249
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author Tripodi, Armando
Lombardi, Rosa
Primignani, Massimo
La Mura, Vincenzo
Peyvandi, Flora
Fracanzani, Anna L.
author_facet Tripodi, Armando
Lombardi, Rosa
Primignani, Massimo
La Mura, Vincenzo
Peyvandi, Flora
Fracanzani, Anna L.
author_sort Tripodi, Armando
collection PubMed
description Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and it is anticipated that it could become even more prevalent in parallel with an increase in the incidence of metabolic diseases closely related to NAFLD, such as obesity, type II diabetes, dyslipidemia, and arterial hypertension. In addition to liver impairment, NAFLD is associated with cardiovascular diseases. Fibrosis, atherosclerosis, and venous thrombosis are basically the pathogenic mechanisms behind these clinical manifestations, and all are plausibly associated with hypercoagulability that may, in turn, develop because of an imbalance of pro- vs. anticoagulants and the presence of such procoagulant molecular species as microvesicles, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and inflammation. The assessment of hypercoagulability by means of thrombin generation is a global procedure that mimics the coagulation process occurring in vivo much better than any other coagulation test, and is considered to be the best candidate laboratory tool for assessing, with a single procedure, the balance of coagulation in NAFLD. In addition to defining the state of hypercoagulability, the assessment of thrombin generation could also be used to investigate, in clinical trials, the best approach (therapeutic and/or lifestyle changes) for minimizing hypercoagulability and, hence, the risk of cardiovascular diseases, progression to atherosclerosis, and liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.
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spelling pubmed-88693632022-02-25 Hypercoagulability in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Causes and Consequences Tripodi, Armando Lombardi, Rosa Primignani, Massimo La Mura, Vincenzo Peyvandi, Flora Fracanzani, Anna L. Biomedicines Review Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the most common chronic liver disease, and it is anticipated that it could become even more prevalent in parallel with an increase in the incidence of metabolic diseases closely related to NAFLD, such as obesity, type II diabetes, dyslipidemia, and arterial hypertension. In addition to liver impairment, NAFLD is associated with cardiovascular diseases. Fibrosis, atherosclerosis, and venous thrombosis are basically the pathogenic mechanisms behind these clinical manifestations, and all are plausibly associated with hypercoagulability that may, in turn, develop because of an imbalance of pro- vs. anticoagulants and the presence of such procoagulant molecular species as microvesicles, neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs), and inflammation. The assessment of hypercoagulability by means of thrombin generation is a global procedure that mimics the coagulation process occurring in vivo much better than any other coagulation test, and is considered to be the best candidate laboratory tool for assessing, with a single procedure, the balance of coagulation in NAFLD. In addition to defining the state of hypercoagulability, the assessment of thrombin generation could also be used to investigate, in clinical trials, the best approach (therapeutic and/or lifestyle changes) for minimizing hypercoagulability and, hence, the risk of cardiovascular diseases, progression to atherosclerosis, and liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD. MDPI 2022-01-24 /pmc/articles/PMC8869363/ /pubmed/35203457 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10020249 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Tripodi, Armando
Lombardi, Rosa
Primignani, Massimo
La Mura, Vincenzo
Peyvandi, Flora
Fracanzani, Anna L.
Hypercoagulability in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Causes and Consequences
title Hypercoagulability in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Causes and Consequences
title_full Hypercoagulability in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Causes and Consequences
title_fullStr Hypercoagulability in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Causes and Consequences
title_full_unstemmed Hypercoagulability in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Causes and Consequences
title_short Hypercoagulability in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease (NAFLD): Causes and Consequences
title_sort hypercoagulability in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (nafld): causes and consequences
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8869363/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35203457
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/biomedicines10020249
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