Cargando…
Review of Microdevices for Hemozoin-Based Malaria Detection
Despite being preventable and treatable, malaria still puts almost half of the world’s population at risk. Thus, prompt, accurate and sensitive malaria diagnosis is crucial for disease control and elimination. Optical microscopy and immuno-rapid tests are the standard malaria diagnostic methods in t...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
---|---|
Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
|
Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8870200/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35200370 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12020110 |
_version_ | 1784656681465020416 |
---|---|
author | Baptista, Vitória Peng, Weng Kung Minas, Graça Veiga, Maria Isabel Catarino, Susana O. |
author_facet | Baptista, Vitória Peng, Weng Kung Minas, Graça Veiga, Maria Isabel Catarino, Susana O. |
author_sort | Baptista, Vitória |
collection | PubMed |
description | Despite being preventable and treatable, malaria still puts almost half of the world’s population at risk. Thus, prompt, accurate and sensitive malaria diagnosis is crucial for disease control and elimination. Optical microscopy and immuno-rapid tests are the standard malaria diagnostic methods in the field. However, these are time-consuming and fail to detect low-level parasitemia. Biosensors and lab-on-a-chip devices, as reported to different applications, usually offer high sensitivity, specificity, and ease of use at the point of care. Thus, these can be explored as an alternative for malaria diagnosis. Alongside malaria infection inside the human red blood cells, parasites consume host hemoglobin generating the hemozoin crystal as a by-product. Hemozoin is produced in all parasite species either in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Furthermore, hemozoin crystals are produced as the parasites invade the red blood cells and their content relates to disease progression. Hemozoin is, therefore, a unique indicator of infection, being used as a malaria biomarker. Herein, the so-far developed biosensors and lab-on-a-chip devices aiming for malaria detection by targeting hemozoin as a biomarker are reviewed and discussed to fulfil all the medical demands for malaria management towards elimination. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8870200 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88702002022-02-25 Review of Microdevices for Hemozoin-Based Malaria Detection Baptista, Vitória Peng, Weng Kung Minas, Graça Veiga, Maria Isabel Catarino, Susana O. Biosensors (Basel) Review Despite being preventable and treatable, malaria still puts almost half of the world’s population at risk. Thus, prompt, accurate and sensitive malaria diagnosis is crucial for disease control and elimination. Optical microscopy and immuno-rapid tests are the standard malaria diagnostic methods in the field. However, these are time-consuming and fail to detect low-level parasitemia. Biosensors and lab-on-a-chip devices, as reported to different applications, usually offer high sensitivity, specificity, and ease of use at the point of care. Thus, these can be explored as an alternative for malaria diagnosis. Alongside malaria infection inside the human red blood cells, parasites consume host hemoglobin generating the hemozoin crystal as a by-product. Hemozoin is produced in all parasite species either in symptomatic and asymptomatic individuals. Furthermore, hemozoin crystals are produced as the parasites invade the red blood cells and their content relates to disease progression. Hemozoin is, therefore, a unique indicator of infection, being used as a malaria biomarker. Herein, the so-far developed biosensors and lab-on-a-chip devices aiming for malaria detection by targeting hemozoin as a biomarker are reviewed and discussed to fulfil all the medical demands for malaria management towards elimination. MDPI 2022-02-11 /pmc/articles/PMC8870200/ /pubmed/35200370 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12020110 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Baptista, Vitória Peng, Weng Kung Minas, Graça Veiga, Maria Isabel Catarino, Susana O. Review of Microdevices for Hemozoin-Based Malaria Detection |
title | Review of Microdevices for Hemozoin-Based Malaria Detection |
title_full | Review of Microdevices for Hemozoin-Based Malaria Detection |
title_fullStr | Review of Microdevices for Hemozoin-Based Malaria Detection |
title_full_unstemmed | Review of Microdevices for Hemozoin-Based Malaria Detection |
title_short | Review of Microdevices for Hemozoin-Based Malaria Detection |
title_sort | review of microdevices for hemozoin-based malaria detection |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8870200/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35200370 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bios12020110 |
work_keys_str_mv | AT baptistavitoria reviewofmicrodevicesforhemozoinbasedmalariadetection AT pengwengkung reviewofmicrodevicesforhemozoinbasedmalariadetection AT minasgraca reviewofmicrodevicesforhemozoinbasedmalariadetection AT veigamariaisabel reviewofmicrodevicesforhemozoinbasedmalariadetection AT catarinosusanao reviewofmicrodevicesforhemozoinbasedmalariadetection |