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Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH

Post-transcriptional and translational control of specialized genes play a critical role in the progression of spermatogenesis. During the early stages, mRNAs are actively transcribed and stored, temporarily bound to RNA binding proteins in chromatoid bodies (CBs). CBs are membrane-less dynamic orga...

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Detalles Bibliográficos
Autores principales: Anbazhagan, Rajakumar, Kavarthapu, Raghuveer, Dufau, Maria L.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8870266/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35203264
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11040613
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author Anbazhagan, Rajakumar
Kavarthapu, Raghuveer
Dufau, Maria L.
author_facet Anbazhagan, Rajakumar
Kavarthapu, Raghuveer
Dufau, Maria L.
author_sort Anbazhagan, Rajakumar
collection PubMed
description Post-transcriptional and translational control of specialized genes play a critical role in the progression of spermatogenesis. During the early stages, mRNAs are actively transcribed and stored, temporarily bound to RNA binding proteins in chromatoid bodies (CBs). CBs are membrane-less dynamic organelles which serve as storehouses and processing centers of mRNAs awaiting translation during later stages of spermatogenesis. These CBs can also regulate the stability of mRNAs to secure the correct timing of protein expression at different stages of sperm formation. Gonadotropin-regulated testicular RNA helicase (GRTH/DDX25) is an essential regulator of spermatogenesis. GRTH transports mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and phospho-GRTH transports mRNAs from the cytoplasm to the CBs. During spermiogenesis, there is precise control of mRNAs transported by GRTH from and to the CBs, directing the timing of translation of critical proteins which are involved in spermatid elongation and acrosomal development, resulting in functional sperm formation. This chapter presents our current knowledge on the role of GRTH, phospho-GRTH and CBs in the control of spermiogenesis. In addition, it covers the components of CBs compared to those of stress granules and P-bodies.
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spelling pubmed-88702662022-02-25 Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH Anbazhagan, Rajakumar Kavarthapu, Raghuveer Dufau, Maria L. Cells Review Post-transcriptional and translational control of specialized genes play a critical role in the progression of spermatogenesis. During the early stages, mRNAs are actively transcribed and stored, temporarily bound to RNA binding proteins in chromatoid bodies (CBs). CBs are membrane-less dynamic organelles which serve as storehouses and processing centers of mRNAs awaiting translation during later stages of spermatogenesis. These CBs can also regulate the stability of mRNAs to secure the correct timing of protein expression at different stages of sperm formation. Gonadotropin-regulated testicular RNA helicase (GRTH/DDX25) is an essential regulator of spermatogenesis. GRTH transports mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and phospho-GRTH transports mRNAs from the cytoplasm to the CBs. During spermiogenesis, there is precise control of mRNAs transported by GRTH from and to the CBs, directing the timing of translation of critical proteins which are involved in spermatid elongation and acrosomal development, resulting in functional sperm formation. This chapter presents our current knowledge on the role of GRTH, phospho-GRTH and CBs in the control of spermiogenesis. In addition, it covers the components of CBs compared to those of stress granules and P-bodies. MDPI 2022-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8870266/ /pubmed/35203264 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11040613 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Anbazhagan, Rajakumar
Kavarthapu, Raghuveer
Dufau, Maria L.
Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH
title Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH
title_full Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH
title_fullStr Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH
title_full_unstemmed Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH
title_short Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH
title_sort chromatoid bodies in the regulation of spermatogenesis: novel role of grth
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8870266/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35203264
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11040613
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