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Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH
Post-transcriptional and translational control of specialized genes play a critical role in the progression of spermatogenesis. During the early stages, mRNAs are actively transcribed and stored, temporarily bound to RNA binding proteins in chromatoid bodies (CBs). CBs are membrane-less dynamic orga...
Autores principales: | , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8870266/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35203264 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11040613 |
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author | Anbazhagan, Rajakumar Kavarthapu, Raghuveer Dufau, Maria L. |
author_facet | Anbazhagan, Rajakumar Kavarthapu, Raghuveer Dufau, Maria L. |
author_sort | Anbazhagan, Rajakumar |
collection | PubMed |
description | Post-transcriptional and translational control of specialized genes play a critical role in the progression of spermatogenesis. During the early stages, mRNAs are actively transcribed and stored, temporarily bound to RNA binding proteins in chromatoid bodies (CBs). CBs are membrane-less dynamic organelles which serve as storehouses and processing centers of mRNAs awaiting translation during later stages of spermatogenesis. These CBs can also regulate the stability of mRNAs to secure the correct timing of protein expression at different stages of sperm formation. Gonadotropin-regulated testicular RNA helicase (GRTH/DDX25) is an essential regulator of spermatogenesis. GRTH transports mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and phospho-GRTH transports mRNAs from the cytoplasm to the CBs. During spermiogenesis, there is precise control of mRNAs transported by GRTH from and to the CBs, directing the timing of translation of critical proteins which are involved in spermatid elongation and acrosomal development, resulting in functional sperm formation. This chapter presents our current knowledge on the role of GRTH, phospho-GRTH and CBs in the control of spermiogenesis. In addition, it covers the components of CBs compared to those of stress granules and P-bodies. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8870266 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88702662022-02-25 Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH Anbazhagan, Rajakumar Kavarthapu, Raghuveer Dufau, Maria L. Cells Review Post-transcriptional and translational control of specialized genes play a critical role in the progression of spermatogenesis. During the early stages, mRNAs are actively transcribed and stored, temporarily bound to RNA binding proteins in chromatoid bodies (CBs). CBs are membrane-less dynamic organelles which serve as storehouses and processing centers of mRNAs awaiting translation during later stages of spermatogenesis. These CBs can also regulate the stability of mRNAs to secure the correct timing of protein expression at different stages of sperm formation. Gonadotropin-regulated testicular RNA helicase (GRTH/DDX25) is an essential regulator of spermatogenesis. GRTH transports mRNAs from the nucleus to the cytoplasm and phospho-GRTH transports mRNAs from the cytoplasm to the CBs. During spermiogenesis, there is precise control of mRNAs transported by GRTH from and to the CBs, directing the timing of translation of critical proteins which are involved in spermatid elongation and acrosomal development, resulting in functional sperm formation. This chapter presents our current knowledge on the role of GRTH, phospho-GRTH and CBs in the control of spermiogenesis. In addition, it covers the components of CBs compared to those of stress granules and P-bodies. MDPI 2022-02-10 /pmc/articles/PMC8870266/ /pubmed/35203264 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11040613 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Anbazhagan, Rajakumar Kavarthapu, Raghuveer Dufau, Maria L. Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH |
title | Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH |
title_full | Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH |
title_fullStr | Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH |
title_full_unstemmed | Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH |
title_short | Chromatoid Bodies in the Regulation of Spermatogenesis: Novel Role of GRTH |
title_sort | chromatoid bodies in the regulation of spermatogenesis: novel role of grth |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8870266/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35203264 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11040613 |
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