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A Review of Bayesian Hypothesis Testing and Its Practical Implementations
We discuss hypothesis testing and compare different theories in light of observed or experimental data as fundamental endeavors in the sciences. Issues associated with the p-value approach and null hypothesis significance testing are reviewed, and the Bayesian alternative based on the Bayes factor i...
Autores principales: | , , , , |
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Formato: | Online Artículo Texto |
Lenguaje: | English |
Publicado: |
MDPI
2022
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Materias: | |
Acceso en línea: | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8871131/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35205456 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24020161 |
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author | Wei, Zhengxiao Yang, Aijun Rocha, Leno Miranda, Michelle F. Nathoo, Farouk S. |
author_facet | Wei, Zhengxiao Yang, Aijun Rocha, Leno Miranda, Michelle F. Nathoo, Farouk S. |
author_sort | Wei, Zhengxiao |
collection | PubMed |
description | We discuss hypothesis testing and compare different theories in light of observed or experimental data as fundamental endeavors in the sciences. Issues associated with the p-value approach and null hypothesis significance testing are reviewed, and the Bayesian alternative based on the Bayes factor is introduced, along with a review of computational methods and sensitivity related to prior distributions. We demonstrate how Bayesian testing can be practically implemented in several examples, such as the t-test, two-sample comparisons, linear mixed models, and Poisson mixed models by using existing software. Caveats and potential problems associated with Bayesian testing are also discussed. We aim to inform researchers in the many fields where Bayesian testing is not in common use of a well-developed alternative to null hypothesis significance testing and to demonstrate its standard implementation. |
format | Online Article Text |
id | pubmed-8871131 |
institution | National Center for Biotechnology Information |
language | English |
publishDate | 2022 |
publisher | MDPI |
record_format | MEDLINE/PubMed |
spelling | pubmed-88711312022-02-25 A Review of Bayesian Hypothesis Testing and Its Practical Implementations Wei, Zhengxiao Yang, Aijun Rocha, Leno Miranda, Michelle F. Nathoo, Farouk S. Entropy (Basel) Review We discuss hypothesis testing and compare different theories in light of observed or experimental data as fundamental endeavors in the sciences. Issues associated with the p-value approach and null hypothesis significance testing are reviewed, and the Bayesian alternative based on the Bayes factor is introduced, along with a review of computational methods and sensitivity related to prior distributions. We demonstrate how Bayesian testing can be practically implemented in several examples, such as the t-test, two-sample comparisons, linear mixed models, and Poisson mixed models by using existing software. Caveats and potential problems associated with Bayesian testing are also discussed. We aim to inform researchers in the many fields where Bayesian testing is not in common use of a well-developed alternative to null hypothesis significance testing and to demonstrate its standard implementation. MDPI 2022-01-21 /pmc/articles/PMC8871131/ /pubmed/35205456 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24020161 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). |
spellingShingle | Review Wei, Zhengxiao Yang, Aijun Rocha, Leno Miranda, Michelle F. Nathoo, Farouk S. A Review of Bayesian Hypothesis Testing and Its Practical Implementations |
title | A Review of Bayesian Hypothesis Testing and Its Practical Implementations |
title_full | A Review of Bayesian Hypothesis Testing and Its Practical Implementations |
title_fullStr | A Review of Bayesian Hypothesis Testing and Its Practical Implementations |
title_full_unstemmed | A Review of Bayesian Hypothesis Testing and Its Practical Implementations |
title_short | A Review of Bayesian Hypothesis Testing and Its Practical Implementations |
title_sort | review of bayesian hypothesis testing and its practical implementations |
topic | Review |
url | https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8871131/ https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35205456 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e24020161 |
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