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The Value of Cytology in the Evaluation of Malignant Pericardial Effusions: A Systematic Review

Pericardial effusions can be caused by diverse etiologies, including heart-related conditions, kidney failure, trauma, infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. This systematic review aimed to assess the role of cytology in identifying the most prevalent cancers related to malignant pericardial e...

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Autores principales: Shartouni, Ranim, Shartouni, Roy, Mahmoodi, Maryam, Nikas, Ilias P.
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8871495/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35204458
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12020367
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author Shartouni, Ranim
Shartouni, Roy
Mahmoodi, Maryam
Nikas, Ilias P.
author_facet Shartouni, Ranim
Shartouni, Roy
Mahmoodi, Maryam
Nikas, Ilias P.
author_sort Shartouni, Ranim
collection PubMed
description Pericardial effusions can be caused by diverse etiologies, including heart-related conditions, kidney failure, trauma, infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. This systematic review aimed to assess the role of cytology in identifying the most prevalent cancers related to malignant pericardial effusions (MPEs), the ability of cytology, compared to histology, to detect cancer while evaluating pericardial effusions, and the prognostic impact of MPEs. Four electronic databases were investigated using a predefined algorithm, and specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. We found that the most prevalent primaries associated with MPEs were lung (especially NSCLCs), breast, hematolymphoid, and gastrointestinal cancers. MPEs tended to be hemorrhagic rather than serous or serosanguinous and to occupy larger volumes compared to non-neoplastic effusions. In addition, cytology was shown to exhibit an enhanced ability to detect cancer compared to biopsy in most of the included studies. Lastly, the presence of an MPE was associated with poor prognosis, while survival depended on the specific cancer type detected. Particularly, prognosis was found to be worse when MPEs were caused by lung or gastric cancer, rather than breast or hematolymphoid malignancies. In conclusion, evidence suggests that cytologic evaluation has a significant diagnostic and prognostic impact in patients with MPEs.
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spelling pubmed-88714952022-02-25 The Value of Cytology in the Evaluation of Malignant Pericardial Effusions: A Systematic Review Shartouni, Ranim Shartouni, Roy Mahmoodi, Maryam Nikas, Ilias P. Diagnostics (Basel) Review Pericardial effusions can be caused by diverse etiologies, including heart-related conditions, kidney failure, trauma, infections, autoimmune diseases, and cancer. This systematic review aimed to assess the role of cytology in identifying the most prevalent cancers related to malignant pericardial effusions (MPEs), the ability of cytology, compared to histology, to detect cancer while evaluating pericardial effusions, and the prognostic impact of MPEs. Four electronic databases were investigated using a predefined algorithm, and specific inclusion and exclusion criteria. We found that the most prevalent primaries associated with MPEs were lung (especially NSCLCs), breast, hematolymphoid, and gastrointestinal cancers. MPEs tended to be hemorrhagic rather than serous or serosanguinous and to occupy larger volumes compared to non-neoplastic effusions. In addition, cytology was shown to exhibit an enhanced ability to detect cancer compared to biopsy in most of the included studies. Lastly, the presence of an MPE was associated with poor prognosis, while survival depended on the specific cancer type detected. Particularly, prognosis was found to be worse when MPEs were caused by lung or gastric cancer, rather than breast or hematolymphoid malignancies. In conclusion, evidence suggests that cytologic evaluation has a significant diagnostic and prognostic impact in patients with MPEs. MDPI 2022-02-01 /pmc/articles/PMC8871495/ /pubmed/35204458 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12020367 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Review
Shartouni, Ranim
Shartouni, Roy
Mahmoodi, Maryam
Nikas, Ilias P.
The Value of Cytology in the Evaluation of Malignant Pericardial Effusions: A Systematic Review
title The Value of Cytology in the Evaluation of Malignant Pericardial Effusions: A Systematic Review
title_full The Value of Cytology in the Evaluation of Malignant Pericardial Effusions: A Systematic Review
title_fullStr The Value of Cytology in the Evaluation of Malignant Pericardial Effusions: A Systematic Review
title_full_unstemmed The Value of Cytology in the Evaluation of Malignant Pericardial Effusions: A Systematic Review
title_short The Value of Cytology in the Evaluation of Malignant Pericardial Effusions: A Systematic Review
title_sort value of cytology in the evaluation of malignant pericardial effusions: a systematic review
topic Review
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8871495/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35204458
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/diagnostics12020367
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