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How Long Does Adaption Last for? An Update on the Psychological Impact of the Confinement in Portugal

During the first COVID-19 related confinement in Portugal, there was a decrease in the levels of psychological symptoms measured by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (March to April 2020). Upon experiencing a new period of restraints in 2021, the psychological impact of this sample was ass...

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Autores principales: Costa, Ana Daniela, Fernandes, Afonso, Ferreira, Sónia, Couto, Beatriz, Machado-Sousa, Mafalda, Moreira, Pedro, Morgado, Pedro, Picó-Pérez, Maria
Formato: Online Artículo Texto
Lenguaje:English
Publicado: MDPI 2022
Materias:
Acceso en línea:https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8871632/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35206431
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042243
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author Costa, Ana Daniela
Fernandes, Afonso
Ferreira, Sónia
Couto, Beatriz
Machado-Sousa, Mafalda
Moreira, Pedro
Morgado, Pedro
Picó-Pérez, Maria
author_facet Costa, Ana Daniela
Fernandes, Afonso
Ferreira, Sónia
Couto, Beatriz
Machado-Sousa, Mafalda
Moreira, Pedro
Morgado, Pedro
Picó-Pérez, Maria
author_sort Costa, Ana Daniela
collection PubMed
description During the first COVID-19 related confinement in Portugal, there was a decrease in the levels of psychological symptoms measured by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (March to April 2020). Upon experiencing a new period of restraints in 2021, the psychological impact of this sample was assessed again (N = 322, two more time points). It was expected that the psychological symptoms evidenced in February 2021 would be at similar levels to those found in April 2020, leading to a transfer of adaptation. Contrary to our hypothesis, in the second confinement in Portugal there were higher levels of depression and stress symptoms than at the beginning of the pandemic. On the other hand, the maximum level of anxiety was observed in March 2020. It seems that our perception of the threats in 2021 was not the same as at the onset of COVID-19, or that knowledge was not disseminated to the general population to increase their mental health literacy and help them cope with the imposed challenges.
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spelling pubmed-88716322022-02-25 How Long Does Adaption Last for? An Update on the Psychological Impact of the Confinement in Portugal Costa, Ana Daniela Fernandes, Afonso Ferreira, Sónia Couto, Beatriz Machado-Sousa, Mafalda Moreira, Pedro Morgado, Pedro Picó-Pérez, Maria Int J Environ Res Public Health Communication During the first COVID-19 related confinement in Portugal, there was a decrease in the levels of psychological symptoms measured by the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale 21 (March to April 2020). Upon experiencing a new period of restraints in 2021, the psychological impact of this sample was assessed again (N = 322, two more time points). It was expected that the psychological symptoms evidenced in February 2021 would be at similar levels to those found in April 2020, leading to a transfer of adaptation. Contrary to our hypothesis, in the second confinement in Portugal there were higher levels of depression and stress symptoms than at the beginning of the pandemic. On the other hand, the maximum level of anxiety was observed in March 2020. It seems that our perception of the threats in 2021 was not the same as at the onset of COVID-19, or that knowledge was not disseminated to the general population to increase their mental health literacy and help them cope with the imposed challenges. MDPI 2022-02-16 /pmc/articles/PMC8871632/ /pubmed/35206431 http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042243 Text en © 2022 by the authors. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
spellingShingle Communication
Costa, Ana Daniela
Fernandes, Afonso
Ferreira, Sónia
Couto, Beatriz
Machado-Sousa, Mafalda
Moreira, Pedro
Morgado, Pedro
Picó-Pérez, Maria
How Long Does Adaption Last for? An Update on the Psychological Impact of the Confinement in Portugal
title How Long Does Adaption Last for? An Update on the Psychological Impact of the Confinement in Portugal
title_full How Long Does Adaption Last for? An Update on the Psychological Impact of the Confinement in Portugal
title_fullStr How Long Does Adaption Last for? An Update on the Psychological Impact of the Confinement in Portugal
title_full_unstemmed How Long Does Adaption Last for? An Update on the Psychological Impact of the Confinement in Portugal
title_short How Long Does Adaption Last for? An Update on the Psychological Impact of the Confinement in Portugal
title_sort how long does adaption last for? an update on the psychological impact of the confinement in portugal
topic Communication
url https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8871632/
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/35206431
http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19042243
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